走向大观念导向的STEM课程设计

A Study on STEM Curriculum Design with Big Ideas

文献研究显示,大观念是种高阶的统整性知识,集中体现课程特质的思想或看法,有助于促进学习迁移与设计连续聚焦一致的课程,能解决当前STEM课程设计中学习肤浅化的问题。大观念至STEM课程要素的转化主要体现在它向目标、学习、评价的转化。在目标方面,需要明确课程主题,确定大观念,明晰大观念与学习目标的关系,规范叙写学习目标;在学习方面,需要设计真实问题情境,强调各门学科知识的应用并凸显工程设计与技术应用,结合适当的学习方法;在评价方面,需要重点考虑评价类型、设计原则、评价工具。

The literature review shows that the big idea is a kind of high-level integrated knowledge,which focuses on the thoughts or views that reflect the characteristics of the curriculum,contributes to learning transfer and designing the curricula with sequential focus,and can help solve the current problem of superficial learning in STEM curriculum design.The transformation of big ideas to STEM curriculum elements is mainly reflected in the transformation to goals,learning,and assessment.In terms of goals,it is necessary to clarify the theme of the curriculum,define big ideas,clarify the relationship between big ideas and learning goals,and standardize the description of learning goals;in terms of learning,it is necessary to design real problem situations,emphasize the use of knowledge of various subjects,and highlight engineering design and technology application combined with appropriate learning methods;in terms of assessment,it is necessary to focus on assessment types,design principles,and assessment tools.