想象竞合的实践处断与理论审视——以706份裁判文书为研究中心

Practical Judgment and Theoretical Review of Imaginary Concurrence-Supported by 706 Judgement Documents

实践中涉及想象竞合的案件数量在不断增长,想象竞合从一重处断已成为犯罪分子减轻刑事责任的重要借口,但该原则忽视了被害人利益的全面保护,还在一定程度上浪费了审判部门的精力;这是理论与实践纠结于"一行为"、误解禁止重复评价内涵的结果;行为在罪数判断中的机能仅限于此罪与彼罪的区分,禁止重复评价的实质标准应当是不法—有责;在想象竞合处断问题上应坚持犯罪构成的罪数判断标准,同时以法益为指导,既要确保对侵害法益行为的充分评价,又要禁止重复评价。

In practice,the number of cases involving imaginary concurrence is increasing.The judgment of imaginary concurrence has become an important excuse for criminals to reduce criminal liability,ignoring the comprehensive protection of victims’interests,and it also wastes the energy of the judicial department to a certain extent.This is the result of theory and practice entangled in"one behavior"and misunderstanding the connotation of prohibiting repeated evaluation.The function of behavior in judging the number of crimes may be limited to the distinction between this crime and that crime,and the substantive standard for prohibiting repeated evaluation should be illegal-responsible.On the issue of imaginary concurrence and judgment,we should adhere to the judging standard of the number of crimes constituted by the crime,and at the same time take legal interests as the guide,not only to ensure the full evaluation of the violation of legal interests,but also to prohibit repeated evaluation.