刑事和解与刑事速裁程序之衔接——以提高司法效率及刑罚轻缓化为核心

The Connection between Criminal Reconciliation and Quick Criminal Procedure-Take the Improvement of Judicial Efficiency and the Mitigation of Penalty as the Core

速裁程序属于认罪认罚从宽制度的产物,体现实用主义价值;刑事和解贯彻的是恢复性司法理念,导致以刑事和解为适用条件的速裁程序体现出两种不同的价值理念。目前两种制度中检察机关的权力存在差异,导致法律体系内部出现矛盾,且两种程序的审前程序较繁琐,致使两种制度的结合会进一步降低司法效率;同时立法未明确能否对同时符合刑事和解和认罪认罚情形的被告人给予双重量刑优惠,导致司法实践出现混乱。故如何协调刑事和解与速裁制度的有效衔接是当前亟需澄清的问题,首先在理念上应承认刑事和解是适用速裁程序的一个环节,两种制度的的衔接建立在案件适用速裁程序基础上。此外在程序层面,应简化速裁案件的审前程序、确立"刑拘直诉"模式;重新配置检察机关在刑事和解中的权力内容,与认罪认罚从宽制度改革中强化检察机关审前主导性之改革方向保持一致,充分发挥其审前分流作用。在实体层面,应以实现刑罚轻缓化为指导,给予被告人双重量刑优惠,以实现速裁案件"简者更简、轻者更轻"目标。

The expedited procedure is a product of the leniency system of confessing guilt and punishing,and embodies the value of pragmatism;criminal reconciliation implements the concept of restorative justice,resulting in the expedited procedure that uses criminal reconciliation as the applicable condition to reflect two different values.The current differences in the powers of the procuratorial organs between the two systems have led to contradictions within the legal system,and the pre-trial procedures of the two procedures are relatively cumbersome,resulting in the fact that the combination of the two systems will further reduce judicial efficiency.At the same time,it is not clear whether the legislation can give double sentencing preferences to the defendants who are in line with criminal reconciliation and pleading guilty at the same time,which leads to confusion in judicial practice.Therefore,how to coordinate the effective connection of the criminal reconciliation and expedited judicial system is an issue that needs to be clarified.First of all,it should be recognized in the concept that criminal reconciliation is a link in the application of expedited judicial proceedings.The convergence of the two systems is based on the application of expedited judicial proceedings in cases.In addition,at the procedural level,the pre-trial procedures for expedited cases should be simplified,the"direct criminal prosecution"model should be established,the power content of the procuratorial agency in criminal reconciliation should be reconfigured,and the pre-trial leading role of the procuratorial agency should be strengthened in the reform of the confession and punishing leniency system.The direction of the reform is consistent,and its pre-trial triage function is fully brought into play.At the substantive level,it should be guided by the realization of mitigation of penalties,and the defendant should be given a double-weight penalty in order to achieve the goal of"simpler cases and lighter cases"in quick cases.