2017—2019年苍溪县城区3~5岁儿童患龋情况分析

Prevalence of Caries Among 3 to 5 Year-old Children in Cangxi County From 2017 to 2019

目的动态了解苍溪县城区3~5岁儿童龋齿患病情况,为持续开展儿童口腔疾病综合干预项目提供依据。方法通过整理"全国儿童口腔疾病综合干预工作信息管理系统"中2017—2019年学龄前儿童干预登记的数据,对3~5岁儿童龋齿患病情况进行分析,计算患龋率、龋均等指标。率的比较采用χ^(2)检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果共对苍溪县城区1775名3~5岁学龄前儿童进行调查,2017、2018、2019年儿童乳牙患龋率分别为50.10%、42.78%和26.84%,龋均分别为2.23颗、1.45颗和0.99颗,不同年份的患龋率和龋均不同(P<0.05)。与省内其他县区比患龋率相对较低,5岁儿童平均患龋率亦低于全国患病水平。3、4、5岁儿童乳牙患龋率分别为28.08%、44.07%和50.53%,不同年龄组的患龋率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。乳牙列龋齿好发于上颌乳前牙,下颌乳磨牙次之,下颌乳前牙最少。结论苍溪县城区3~5岁儿童龋齿患病率较低,且呈逐年下降趋势,可能与持续开展儿童口腔疾病综合干预项目有关,需继续加强并扩大项目覆盖地区和人群。

Objective To dynamically understand the prevalence of dental caries in children aged 3-5 years in the urban area of Cangxi County,aiming to provide basis for the continuous comprehensive intervention project of children’s oral diseases.Methods The intervention registration data of preschool children from 2017 to 2019 were collected from the National Comprehensive Intervention Information Management System for Children’s Oral Diseases.The prevalence of dental caries and average caries in children aged 3-5 years were calculated.Chi-square test was adopted,and the test level wasα=0.05.Results A total of 1775 preschool children aged 3-5 years in the urban area of Cangxi County were investigated.The rates of caries of primary teeth in 2017,2018 and 2019 were 50.10%,42.78%and 26.84%respectively,and the indexes of caries average in 2017,2018 and 2019 were 2.23,1.45 and 0.99 respectively(P<0.05).Compared with other counties in the province,the caries rate is relatively low,and the average caries rate of 5-year-old children is also level than the national prevalence level.The prevalence of caries of deciduous teeth in 3,4 and 5-year-old children were 28.08%,44.07%and 50.53%,respectively.There was significant difference in prevalence of caries among different age groups(P<0.05).Primary caries occurred in the maxillary primary anterior teeth,followed by the mandibular primary molars,and the mandibular primary anterior teeth.Conclusion The prevalence of dental caries is low in children aged 3-5 years in Cangxi County and shows a downward trend year by year,which may be related to the continuous comprehensive intervention project for children’s oral diseases.It is necessary to continue to strengthen and expand the coverage area and population of the project.