清远地区先天性心脏病患儿发病现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on the Current Status and Influencing Factors of Congenital Heart Defects in Children in Qingyuan Area

目的调查清远地区先天性心脏病(CHD)患儿发病现状及影响因素。方法选取60例CHD患儿为病例组,60例同龄健康儿童为对照组,比较两组的一般资料,采用Logistic回归分析探讨CHD发生的影响因素。结果60例CHD患儿中,以房间隔缺损占比最高。病例组的孕早期接触农药、孕早期被动吸烟、不良妊娠史、孕早期服用抗生素、孕早期感冒比例均高于对照组,孕期补充叶酸、维生素及微量元素比例低于对照组(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,不良妊娠史、孕早期感冒是CHD发生的危险因素,孕期补充叶酸、维生素及微量元素是保护因素(P<0.05)。结论清远地区CHD发病情况不容乐观。针对有不良妊娠史以及孕早期有感冒的孕妇,应加强孕期胎儿超声检查,鼓励有妊娠计划的妇女补充叶酸、维生素及微量元素。

Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors of congenital heart defects(CHD)in children in Qingyuan area.Methods 60 CHD children were selected as the case group,and 60 healthy children of the same age were selected as the control group.The general data of the two groups were compared.Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors for occurrence of CHD.Results Among 60 cases of CHD children,atrial septal defect accounted for the highest proportion.The proportions of exposure to pesticides in early pregnancy,passive smoking in early pregnancy,adverse pregnancy history,antibiotics-taking in early pregnancy and rheum in early pregnancy in the case group were higher than those in the control group,and the proportion of supplementation of folic acid,vitamins and trace elements during pregnancy was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that adverse pregnancy history and rheum in early pregnancy were risk factors for the occurrence of CHD,and supplementation of folic acid,vitamins and trace elements during pregnancy was a protective factor(P<0.05).Conclusions The occurrence of CHD in Qingyuan area is not optimistic.For pregnant women with adverse pregnancy history and rheum in early pregnancy,fetal ultrasound examination during pregnancy should be strengthened,and women with pregnancy plans are encouraged to supplement folic acid,vitamins and trace elements.