运动对男性生殖功能的影响及机制研究进展

Advances in Research on the Effects and Mechanisms of Exercise on Male Reproductive Function

男性生殖功能障碍是一种常见的慢性病,严重困扰了人们的日常生活。研究发现,运动疗法作为一种重要的非药物干预手段,对于治疗该类疾病具有副作用少、效益高、操作性强等诸多优势。通过CNKI、Web of Science、PubMed等数据库,梳理运动对男性生殖功能影响等方面的理论研究和应用成果,研究综述了运动对男性生殖功能的干预作用及相关机制,以期为治疗患有生殖功能障碍的男性患者提供有价值的理论参考。综述发现:1)长期中等负荷的有氧运动能明显改善男性的各项生殖指标,是改善男性生殖功能的最有效方案;2)大负荷的力竭运动、长期高海拔登山运动、大负荷的自行车运动则会对男性生殖功能产生负面影响;3)运动通过影响睾酮(T)、黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)和精液质量等的指标改善男性生殖功能。基于运动对男性生殖功能的积极疗效,建议建立医院健康指导模式,制定监督反馈机制,科学制定运动处方,积极干预男性生殖健康。

Male reproductive dysfunction is a common chronic disease that seriously disturbs people’s daily lives.It has been found that exercise therapy,as an important non-pharmacological intervention,has many advantages for the treatment of such diseases,such as less side effects,high benefits,and high operability.The theoretical and applied results on the effects of exercise on male reproductive function were reviewed through CNKI,Web of Science,PubMed and other databases,with the aim of providing valuable theoretical references for the treatment of male patients suffering from reproductive dysfunction.The review finds that:1)long-term aerobic exercise with moderate load can significantly improve male reproductive indicators and is the most effective way to improve it;2)heavy load exertional exercise,long-term high-altitude mountain climbing,and heavy load cycling have negative effects on male reproductive function;3)exercise improves male reproductive function by affecting testosterone(T),luteinizing hormone(LH),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),and semen quality.Based on the positive efficacy of exercise,it is recommended to establish a hospital health guidance model,develop a monitoring and feedback mechanism,scientifically formulate exercise prescriptions,and actively intervene in male reproductive health.