基于文献计量学的2010—2020年中国不同地区浅部真菌病的致病菌菌种分析

Bibliometric analysis of pathogenic fungi of superficial mycosis in different regions of China from 2010 to 2020

目的:对全国2010年到2020年14个省份或地区浅部真菌及其致病菌进行调查比较分析,并将调查结果用于指导临床实践以及临床药品的研发,以期更好地提高临床疗效以及促进传染性疾病的研究。方法以“浅部真菌”“真菌病”“红色毛癣菌”“念珠菌”等为关键词,在中国知网、维普等数据库中查询2010年1月至2020年1月之间的相关文献,选择对真菌或致病菌进行培养统计分析的文献。统计所选25篇文献中的真菌或致病菌的数据,比较分析不同省份或地区的优势菌种。结果:华北、华东、中南、西北、西南地区的优势菌种均为红色毛癣菌;除广东为酵母菌属、河北为念珠菌属、新疆为须癣毛癣菌、四川为马拉色菌最高外,其余地区红色毛癣菌总体上是致病率最高的皮肤癣菌,且具有明显优势;南方地区湿热的生活环境成为各大菌种的集中分布的地区,真菌感染率明显高于其他地区。结论:红色毛癣菌在总体上呈现出明显的数量优势,为优势致病菌种;念珠菌属整体上呈上升趋势,为新兴致病菌属,各省份或地区致病真菌菌种组成各有特点。要重点关注并研发抗优势菌种的临床药物;采取严防严控的对策,减少上升菌种的感染率;因地制宜,不同地区采取不同的治疗措施,研究相应的抗真菌药物;不忽视现有低感染力的致病菌种。

In this study we conducted investigations and comparative analysis of superficial fungi and pathogenic fungi in 14 provinces or regions of China from 2010 to 2020,so as to guide the clinical practice and the development of clinical drugs,and to improve the clinical efficacy and the research on infectious diseases.Using“superficial fungi”,“mycosis”,“Trichophyton rubrum”,“Candida”and other keywords,we searched for relevant literature between January 2010 and January 2020 in the CNKI and Weipu databases,and screened out the literature on the culture and statistical analysis of fungi or pathogenic fungi.The data of fungi or pathogenic fungi in the 25 selected papers was analyzed,and the dominant fungal species in different provinces or regions were compared.The dominant fungal species in North,East,Central South,Northwest,and Southwest China is Trichophyton rubrum.Except for Guangdong(Saccharomyces),Hebei(Candida),Xinjiang(Trichophyton mentagrophytes),and Sichuan(Malassezia),Trichophyton rubrum is the dermatophyte with the highest pathogenicity all over China.The humid and hot environment of South China has made there a concentrated distribution area of major fungal species,and the fungal infection rate is significantly higher than other regions.In conclusion,Trichophyton rubrum presents an obvious predominance in general,and is the dominant pathogenic species;Candida is on the rise as a new pathogenic genus;the composition of pathogenic fungi in each province or region has its own characteristics.It is necessary to focus on the development of clinical drugs against the dominant fungal species,as well as adopting strict prevention and control measures to reduce the infection rate of the rising fungal species.Measures suiting local conditions should be taken;different treatment measures and corresponding antifungal drugs should be adopted in different regions.Meanwhile,the existing low-infectivity pathogenic fungi should not be ignored.