器官移植捐献者家属社会支持需求研究

Study on the Social Support Needs of Family Members of Organ Donors

为深入了解器官捐献者家属的社会支持需求,更好地提供社会帮助,综合问卷调查和半结构访谈法从物质需求、信息需求和情感需求三方面深入探讨了湖南省捐献者家属社会支持需求。研究发现,器官捐献者家属对物质支持需求较大,特殊器官捐献者家属群体如失独家庭,表现出更强烈的社会支持需求。器官捐献者家属强烈希望获得社会公众的理解和认可。建立公立的心理疏导机构,通过专业心理疏导可减轻器官捐献者家属的心理愧疚感,抚慰其内心的痛苦。在信息支持需求方面,家属更多地表示希望知道受捐者术后健康信息和器官捐献相关政策信息。

To deeply understand the social support needs of family members of organ donors and provide social help,this paper discussed such needs in Hunan Province by using the methods of questionnaire survey and semi-structured interview from three aspects:material need,information need and emotional need.The study found that the family members of organ donors had greater material needs,and special families of organ donors,such as"the loss of only child family",showed stronger social support needs.The family members of organ donors strongly desire for understanding and recognition of the public.Public psychological counseling institutes need to be established and offer professional help to alleviate their psychological guilt and mental anguish.In terms of information needs,families yearn for postoperative information of the recipient and policy information related to organ donation.