杭州市社区糖尿病患者健康素养水平及影响因素分析

Analysis of the health literacy level and influencing factors of patients with diabetes in the community in Hongzhou Gity

目的了解杭州市社区糖尿病患者目前的健康素养水平,分析其影响因素,为社区护理人员的健康宣教提供依据。方法采用单纯随机抽样的方法,抽取杭州市5个社区卫生服务站,采用整群抽样的方法从中抽取糖尿病患者进行调查。结果共获得有效问卷307份,健康素养总得分、信息获取能力得分、交流互动能力得分、改善健康意愿得分和经济支持意愿得分不高。不同年龄、文化程度、收入情况、运动频率、饮食控制情况、与家人同住情况的患者健康素养总得分或不同层次的健康素养水平比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多元逐步回归分析结果显示,文化程度(t=11.401)、运动频率(t=8.887)、饮食控制(t=-4.248)、与家人同住(t=-5.745)、血糖监测(t=-3.987)、参加糖尿病课程(t=-5.411)是影响糖尿病患者整体健康素养水平的关键因素(P<0.05)。结论社区糖尿病患者的健康素养水平受文化程度、运动频率等因素影响,社区糖尿病患者的健康素养水平有待进一步提高。

Objective To know the current health literacy level of diabetic patients in the community of Hangzhou City,and to provide a basis for the health education of community nurses by analyzing influencing factors.Methods The simple random sampling method was adopted to randomly select 5 health service stations in Hangzhou City,and the cluster sampling method was adopted to investigate the patients with diabetes.Results A total of 307 valid questionnaires were obtained in this study.The score of health literacy,the information acquisition ability score,the communication and interaction ability score,the willingness to improve health and the willingness of financial support was not high.The factors of age,education level,income status,exercise frequency,diet control,living with family,the total score of health literacy or the level of health literacy at different levels were statistically significant(P<0.05).Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed education level(t=11.401),exercise frequency(t=8.887),diet control(t=-4.248),living with family members(t=-5.745),blood glucose monitoring(t=-3.987) and participation in diabetes courses(t=-5.411) were key factors affecting the overall health literacy level of diabetic patients(P<0.05).Conclusion The health literacy level of community diabetic patients needs to be further improved;the health literacy of community diabetic patients is affected by education level and exercise frequency,etc.