2017—2020年温州市青少年抑郁、非自杀性自伤行为现状及危险因素分析

Analysis of the current status and risk factors of depression and non-suicidal self-injury behaviors among adolescents in Wenzhou City from 2017 to 2020

目的调查温州市青少年抑郁、非自杀性自伤(Non-suicidal self-injury,NSSI)行为现状,并分析其危险因素。方法采用连续抽样的方法,选取温州市598名抑郁青少年,按照《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》标准分为NSSI组306例,不伴NSSI组292例。采用焦虑自评量表(Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,SAS)、贝克自杀意念量表(Beck Scale for Suicidal,BSS)对其进行问卷调查,并分析影响青少年抑郁、行为的危险因素。结果 NSSI组的SAS (t=4.318)、BSS (t=14.442)得分高于不伴NSSI组,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。有自杀意念(OR=1.043)、人际关系差(OR=2.229)、经常责难自己(OR=9.824)、冲动状况差等是青少年抑郁、NSSI行为的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论政府和社会应注重青少年的心理健康情况,通过咨询、开导等方式合理引导青少年,避免NSSI行为的发生。

Objective To investigate the present situation of behaviors of depression and Non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)of adolescents in Wenzhou City and to study the risk factors.Methods Stratified continuous sampling of 598 depressed adolescents in Wenzhou City were divided into NSSI group(n=306) and non-NSSI group(n=292) according to"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders".Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Beck Scale for Suicidal were used to investigate subjects.Risk factors of adolescent depression and NISS analyzed.Results SAS(t=4.318) and BSS(t=14.442) in NSSI group were higher than non-NSSI group,with statistically significant difference(P<0.001).Suicidal ideation(OR=1.043),poor interpersonal relationships(OR=2.229),frequent blame of oneself(OR=9.824) and poor impulsivity(OR=2.642),etc were risk factors for depressive and non-suicidal self-harm in adolescents(P<0.05).Conclusion The government and society should pay attention to the mental health of young people,and rationally guide their parents through counseling and enlightenment to avoid NSSI.