单侧传音性聋患者助听器佩戴前后的噪声下言语识别能力的变化研究

Study on the Changes of Speech Recognition Ability in Patients with Unilateral Sound Transmission Deafness Under the Noise before and after Wearing Hearing Aids

目的探讨单侧传音性聋患者助听器佩戴前后的噪声下言语识别能力变化。方法选定本院收诊的40例单侧传音性聋患者,同期选取40例单侧耳聋(SSD)患者,均佩戴软带骨导助听器。评测单侧传音性聋患者在0.25、0.5、1、2、4 kHz频率段上助听前后的纯音听阈阈值及平均听阈阈值,分析安静环境下在正前方(0°方位)、助听侧(90°方位)和非助听侧(270°方位)3个声源方向上助听前后的言语识别阈(SRT)。同时比较单侧传音性聋患者与SSD患者噪声环境下在0°声源方向上助听前后的SRT,并观察其有无佩戴相关的不良反应。结果单侧传音性聋患者助听后在0.25、0.5、1、2、4 kHz上的听阈及平均听阈阈值,均较助听前低(P<0.05)。单侧传音性聋患者安静环境下助听后在0°、90°、270°上的SRT,均较助听前低(P<0.05)。单侧传音性聋患者、SSD患者助听后噪声环境下的SRT均较助听前低(P<0.05);单侧传音性聋患者助听前、后噪声环境下的SRT,均较SSD患者低(P<0.05)。随访期间所有患者均无助听器相关的不良反应。结论软带骨导助听器佩戴后有助于改善单侧传音性聋患者的听力情况,提升其噪声环境下的言语识别能力,且该环境下佩戴的增益效果优于SSD患者,整体安全性良好,值得推广。

Objective To investigate the changes in speech recognition ability of patients with unilateral sound transmission deafness before and after wearing hearing aids.Methods 40 patients with unilateral sound transmission deafness admitted in our hospital and 40 patients with single-side deafness(SSD)at the same time were selected,all of whom wore soft bones Guide hearing aids.The pure tone hearing threshold and average hearing threshold were evaluate before and after hearing aid in patients with unilateral sound transmission deafness at the frequency range of 0.25,0.5,1,2,and 4 kHz.The speech recognition threshold(SRT)before and after hearing aid in the three sound source directions of front(0°orientation),the side(90°azimuth)and the non-hearing-aid side(270°azimuth)in a quiet environment were analyzed.At the same time,the SRT of patients with unilateral sound transmission deafness and SSD patients before and after hearing aid in the direction of the sound source at 0°under the noise environment were compared,and whether there was any adverse reactions related to wearing was observed.Results The hearing threshold and the average hearing threshold at 0.25,0.5,1,2,and 4 kHz in patients with unilateral sound transmission deafness after hearing aid were lower than those before hearing aid(P<0.05).SRT at 0°,90°,and 270°in the patients with unilateral sound transmission deafness in a quiet environment after hearing aid was lower than before hearing aid(P<0.05).The patients with unilateral sound transmission deafness and SSD patients had lower SRT in noise environment after hearing aid than before hearing aid(P<0.05).The patients with unilateral sound transmission deafness under noise environment before and after hearing aid,They were lower than those of SSD patients(P<0.05).During the follow-up period,all patients had no hearing aid-related adverse reactions.including skin abrasion,hair loss,skin redness and swelling.Conclusion Wearing a soft-band bone conduction hearing aid can help improve the hearing of patients with unilateral sound transmission deafness,and can improve their speech recognition ability in a noisy environment.The gain effect of wearing in this environment is better than that of SSD patients,and the overall safety is good and worthy of promotion.