试论南宋班位——兼谈杂压功能的多元化趋向

An Attempted Study of The South Song Official Ranking System with Particular Attention to the Functional Diversification of Zaya

南宋文官朝仪序位,以《绍兴令》体现的常规原则为轴心,汲取元祐旧制部分要素,在实际运作中不断整合。变化的突出表现之一,是武臣中的管军纳入杂压,能够独立决定班位,并在一定时期内,呈现与枢密近乎分庭抗礼的态势。更重要的是,杂压的功能不再局限于朝仪排序,呈现出多样化趋向,常用以协调阶秩与职任间的等级差距,增重了务实性。这样的演变,赋予森严的等级界限更多弹性空间,同时也埋下了一些深层隐患。

Absorbed some factors from the old system of Yuanyou(元祐)period,the Southern Song civil officials ranking system was established based upon the principles settled by Shaoxing Decree(《绍兴令》)and adjusted in later practice.One significant change is that some military official titles were taken into the consideration of Zaya(杂压)which might directly result in their ranking position.As a consequence,the involved military officials were ranked as high as Shumi Shi(枢密使,military affairs commissioner)in certain periods.In further development,the function of Zaya expanded from serving the court meeting position arrangement to broader ranges.As a result,it brought in more pragmatic usages and meanwhile,some potential danger.