航空机匣零件加工变形量预测与控制

Research on the Prediction and Control of Machining Deformation of Aircraft Casing Parts

航空机匣类零件通常由航空难加工材料制成,壁薄、刚性差、难加工,极易发生切削变形。因此,以航空薄壁机匣零件为研究对象,基于切削加工力学建模,采用有限元分析方法,实现了对航空薄壁机匣零件车削加工变形量的预测。在此基础上,采用加工变形量主动补偿方法,通过对每次走刀的切削深度进行补偿以减少加工变形量。有限元仿真与切削试验结果均显示,采用该方法可以大大减少加工变形误差并使其分布更加均匀,可有效地控制切削加工变形量。

Aircraft casing parts are usually made of aviation difficult-to-cut materials,which are difficult to cut,characterized with such flaws as thin-walled texture,poor rigidity,cutting difficulty,and tendency to cutting deformation.Therefore,with the aviation thin-walled casing parts as the research object,based on dynamic cutting force modeling,a prediction can be achieved of the turning deformation of thin-walled casing parts by adopting the finite element analysis method.On this basis,the active deformation compensation method is used for the reduction of the machining deformation by compensating the cutting depth of each tool pass.The results of both the finite element simulation and cutting tests show that this method helps to greatly reduce the machining deformation error after compensation,and make its distribution more uniform,thus effectively controlling the cutting deformation.