甘蔗常用亲本产量和品质性状评价与聚类分析

Evaluation and Cluster Analysis on Yield and Quality Traits of Commonly Used Sugarcane Parental Clones in China

为筛选出在产量和糖分性状上表现优异的亲本,对83份甘蔗常用亲本开展产量和品质性状评价与聚类分析。结果表明:83份亲本在产量和品质性状数值上具有较大的变幅,产量性状的变异系数(14.16%~65.00%、平均37.78%)要远大于品质性状(9.94%~26.38%、平均16.71%),相比品质性状具有更为丰富的遗传变异;方差分析表明不同亲本在产量和品质性状上存在显著差异,筛选出来的优异亲本可用于甘蔗产量和品质性状的改良。相关性分析表明,大部分的产量性状间表现出显著的正相关性,其中有效茎数与理论产量相关性最高(0.750);品质性状中的糖分性状之间都表现出显著的正相关,而纤维分与糖分性状呈显著的负相关;大部分的产量性状与糖分性状之间呈显著的正相关,表明高产高糖亲本或品种是可以同时兼得的;考虑到纤维分与大部分的产量和所有的糖分性状呈现显著负相关,在育种上要注意均衡把握。聚类分析表明,依据产量性状可将亲本聚为6类,其中在各性状中表现较好的为B和C类群,最差的为F类群;依据品质性状可将亲本聚为7类,在糖分性状上表现最好的为Ⅳ和Ⅴ类群,表现最差的是Ⅰ和Ⅶ类群。以上结果将有助于对甘蔗亲本产量和品质性状的了解,为亲本的利用方向和组合的配制提供有效的参考。

In order to screen out the parental clones which showed excellent performance in yield and quality traits,the evaluation and cluster analysis on yield and quality traits of 83 commonly used sugarcane parental clones were carried out in this study.The results showed that there was big variable amplitude in value of yield and quality traits for 83 parental clones,and the coefficient of variation for yield(14.16%-65.00%,mean 37.78%)is much greater than quality traits(9.94%-26.38%,mean 16.71%),which indicated that these parents have more abundant variation in yield traits.Significant differences among parental clones in all yield and quality traits were founded after ANO⁃VA analysis,which revealed parental clones performing excellently could be used in breeding.Correlation analysis demonstrated that there were significantly positive correlations among most of yield traits,among which,the maxi⁃mum correlation of 0.750 between millable stalk and estimated yield was found;as did sugar traits among quality traits except for the negative correlation with fiber;and most of yield traits have significant positive correlation with sugar traits,it indicated that the parent or variety with high yield and high sugar can be obtained simultaneously in breeding program.For fiber,it was of significant negative correlation with most of yield traits and all sugar traits,so it should be considered comprehensively in breeding program.According to yield traits data,all parents were classi⁃fied as six groups by cluster analysis,among which groups B and C performed well,group F performed the worse;seven groups were obtained based on the cluster analysis on quality trait data,groups Ⅳ and Ⅴ performed excellent and groups Ⅰ and Ⅶ performed the worst in sugar traits.All these results provided valuable information for further hybridization of these parental clones.