湖南油茶根际微生物的群落结构特征

Analysis of microbial community structure in rhizosphere of Camellia oleifera

【目的】为油茶林的地力调控、精准施肥提供指导,为油茶的提质增效提供数据支持。【方法】以不同栽培区域、不同良种、不同抚育管理水平的油茶林地为研究对象,采用高通量测序技术,测定油茶根际土壤中细菌和真菌的群落结构及多样性,同时对油茶根际土壤养分含量变化进行解析。【结果】不同栽培区域油茶根际的土壤养分特征和细菌群落丰富度均存在显著差异;4个油茶良种栽培10年后湘林1号(XL1)根际土壤中细菌群落物种丰富度及均匀度均最高,湘林64号(XL64)根际土壤中真菌群落物种丰富度及均匀度指数最高。无抚育手段干预的油茶林根际细菌和真菌的菌种丰富度指数较高,其中Verrucomicrobia占比显著高于抚育油茶林。在各种因素影响下油茶根际微生物群落结构的主要组成均为Acidobacteriaceae Subgroup 1、Acidobacteria Subgroup 2、Candidatussolibacter、Chloroflexi的JG37-AG-4纲、Ktedonobacterales的HSB_OF53-F07、Xanthobacteraceae、Acidibacter、Bradyrhizobium、Acidothermus、Ascomycota、Basidiomycota等。【结论】土壤中铵态氮含量和全钾含量对细菌群落影响显著,全氮含量和速效磷含量对真菌群落影响显著。不同立地条件、良种类型及抚育管理均对油茶根际微生物群落结构存在显著影响,但在多种因素影响下油茶根际微生物群落结构仍存在共性。

【Objective】The research will provide guidance for soil fertility regulation and precision fertilization,and provide data support for improving the quality and efficiency of Camellia oleifera.【Method】This study takes C.oleifera forest land with different cultivation areas,different varieties and different tending management levels as the research object,the microbial community structure and diversity in the rhizosphere soil of C.oleifera were determined by high-throughput sequencing technology,and the nutrients of the rhizosphere soil were measured and analyzed.【Result】There were significant differences in soil nutrient characteristics and bacterial community richness index under different cultivation areas.The species richness and evenness indexes of bacterial community in the rhizosphere soil of Xianglin 1(XL1)were the highest,however,the species richness and evenness index of fungal community in the rhizosphere soil of Xianglin 64(Xl64)were the highest after 10 years cultivation.The species richness indexes of bacteria and fungi are higher in natural C.oleifera forest,among them,the content of Verrucomicrobia in natural C.oleifera was significantly higher than that in the tended C.oleifera forest.Under the influence of various factors,there were still common community structures in the rhizosphere of C.oleifera,which were mainly composed of acidobacteriaeae subgroup 1,acidobacteria subgroup 2,candidatussolibacter,jg37-ag-4 of chlorofloxi,HSB of ktedonobcterales OF53-F07,Xanthobacteraceae,Acidibacter,Bradyrhizobium,Acidothermus,Ascomycota,Basidiomycota.【Conclusion】Ammonium nitrogen and total potassium in soil had significant effects on bacterial community.Total nitrogen and available phosphorus had significant effects on fungal community.Although soil conditions,improved variety types and the tending management levels all affected the rhizosphere microbial community structure of C.oleifera significantly,there was still a common community structure of microorganisms in C.oleifera under various influencing factors.