磷铝处理对2种油茶光合参数和荧光参数的影响

Effects of phosphorus on photosynthetic characteristics of two Camellia under aluminum stress

【目的】本实验研究低浓度铝胁迫对广宁红花油茶(Camellia semiserrata Chi)和普通油茶(Camellia oliefera)光合作用的效应,以及不同浓度磷处理对铝胁迫的广宁红花油茶和普通油茶光合作用效应的影响。【方法】本研究以苗高20 cm的广宁红花油茶和普通油茶的实生苗初生根为对象,设置0.68 cmol/kg铝浓度为铝胁迫对照组,设置1.01 cmol/kg铝浓度分别与0 cmol/kg(Al4)、0.16 cmol/kg(P1)、0.33 cmol/kg(P2)、0.5 cmol/kg(P3)、1.01 cmol/kg(P4)磷浓度处理相结合作为实验组。并于第0、1、2、3、4个月测定一次净光合速率、胞间CO_(2)浓度和水分利用率,于第0、1、2、3个月测定一次初始荧光值、实际光合效率、最大光合效率和电子传递效率。【结果】本实验结果表明广宁红花油茶处理组Al4的净光合作用、胞间CO_(2)浓度、实际光合效率、电子传递效率以及最大光合效率显著高于对照组;Al4初始荧光值、水分利用效率显著低于对照组。主成分分析结果表明1.01 cmol/kg浓度的铝促进广宁红花油茶的光合作用,0.33 cmol/kg磷处理显著抑制其促进,使光合作用下降至对照组水平。但普通油茶光合参数和荧光参数结果表明,处理组Al4的净光合作用、水分利用率、实际光和效率、电子传递效率以及最大光合效率显著低于对照组;Al4的胞间CO_(2)浓度和初始荧光值显著高于对照组。主成分分析结果表明1.01cmol/kg浓度铝显著抑制普通油茶光合作用,0.5 cmol/kg磷处理显著抑制其抑制,表现为促进植物生长。【结论】1.01 cmol/kg浓度的铝促进广宁红花油茶光合作用,促进植物生长,0.33 cmol/kg磷处理显著抑制铝对广宁红花油茶光合作用的促进,并使植物生长状态下降至对照组。1.01 cmol/kg浓度铝显著抑制普通油茶光合作用,抑制植物生长,0.5 cmol/kg磷处理能显著缓解铝对普通油茶的毒害,将植物生长水平提升至高于对照组水平。

【Objective】This experiment investigated the effect of low-concentration Al stress on photosynthesis of Camellia semiserrata and Camellia oliefera,and the effect of different concentrations of P on photosynthesis of C.semiserrata and C.oliefera under low-concentration Al stress.【Method】The seedlings of C.semiserrata and C.oliefera with 20 cm high were used as materials.The Al concentration of 0.68 cmol/kg was as the control,and the treatments of 1.01 cmol/kg Al concentration combined with 0 cmol/kg(Al4),0.16 cmol/kg(P1),0.33 cmol/kg(P2),0.5 cmol/kg(P3),and 1.01 cmol/kg(P4)P concentration were as the experimental group.The net photosynthetic rate,intercellular CO_(2) concentration,and water use efficiency at the 0,1st,2nd,3rd and 4th month were measured,and the initial fluorescence value,actual photosynthetic efficiency,maximum photosynthetic efficiency,and electron transfer efficiency indicators at the 0, 1st, 2nd and 3rd month were measured.【Result】The net photosynthesis, intercellular CO_(2) concentration, actual photosynthetic efficiency, quantum yield of electron transport efficiency, and maximum photosynthetic efficiency of Al4 were significantly higher than those of the control group in C. semiserrata;The initial fluorescence value and water use efficiency of Al4 were significantly lower than those of the control group. Depend on the principal component analysis, we found that 1.01 cmol/kg Al promoted the photosynthesis of C. semiserrata, and 0.33 cmol/kg P treatment significantly inhibited this promotion, and reduced photosynthesis to the level of the control group. However, the results of photosynthetic parameters and fluorescence parameters of C. oleifera showed that the net photosynthesis, water use efficiency, actual photosynthetic efficiency, quantum yield of electron transport efficiency and maximum photosynthetic efficiency of Al4 were significantly lower than those of the control group;the intercellular CO_(2) concentration and the initial fluorescence value of Al4 appeared significantly higher. Based on the principal component analysis, we considered that 1.01 cmol/kg Al repressed the photosynthesis of C. oleifera, and 0.5 cmol/kg phosphorous treatment significantly inhibited this inhibition, which is shown to promote plant growth.【Conclusion】Al with a concentration of 1.01 cmol/kg promotes photosynthesis of C. semiserrata, and also promotes plant growth. 0.33 cmol/kg P treatment significantly inhibits the promotion of Al on the photosynthesis of C. semiserrata, and reduces the growth of plants to the level of the control group. Al with a concentration of 1.01 cmol/kg significantly inhibits the photosynthesis of C. oleifera and inhibits plant growth. P treatment at 0.5 cmol/kg could significantly alleviates the toxicity of Al to C. oleifera and increases the growth level of plants to a level higher than that of the control group.