电化学氮气还原反应催化剂研究进展

Research progress on electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction catalysts

氨(NH_(3))在食品生产和工业制造中起着至关重要的作用,目前,哈伯-博施(Haber-Bosch)工艺是工业合成氨的主要方法,但是该工艺存在耗能高、碳排放量大等问题。近年来,常温常压下电化学氮气还原反应合成氨因其节能、无碳和可持续的特点,受到了广泛关注。本文首先介绍了电化学氮气还原反应的反应机理,接着重点列举了氮气还原反应电催化剂的研究进展,包括贵金属催化剂和非贵金属催化剂,然后讨论了几种相关催化剂的设计策略,最后对本领域所面临的挑战做了总结,并对下一步的研究进行了展望。

Ammonia(NH_(3))plays an important role in food production and industry manufacture.Normally,it is made of nitrogen and hydrogen by a Haber-Bosch process,which consumes high energy and releases a lot of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.In recent years,the synthesis of NH_(3) by electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR)at ambient conditions has attracted extensive attention because of the virtues of being energy-efficient,carbon-free and sustainable.In this review,the reaction mechanism of electrochemical NRR is introduced,followed by the detailed survey the research progress of electrocatalyst,including noble metal catalyst and non-noble metal catalyst.Strategies to enhance the catalytic activity of related catalysts are proposed.Finally,the challenges are summarized and the future perspectives are also presented.