不同钾肥对马铃薯产量、品质、光合作用以及经济效益的影响

Effects of different potassium fertilizer on yield,quality,photosynthesis and economic benefit of potato

通过盆栽和田间试验,研究氯化钾、硫酸钾对马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum L.)产量、品质以及光合作用等的影响。盆栽试验以马铃薯品种希森6号和费乌瑞它为试验材料,采用氯化钾1117 mg/L(折合K_(2)O 700 mg/L)、硫酸钾1297 mg/L(折合K_(2)O 700 mg/L)2个处理。田间试验以费乌瑞它为试验材料,采用氯化钾(含K_(2)O 62.5%)480 kg/hm^(2)(含K_(2)O 300 kg)、硫酸钾(含K_(2)O 54%)555 kg/hm^(2)(含K_(2)O 300 kg)、氯化钾240 kg/hm^(2)(含K_(2)O 150 kg)+硫酸钾278 kg/hm^(2)(含K_(2)O 150 kg)3个处理,对照为农户常规施肥,NPK三元复合肥(N 15%,P_(2)O_(5)15%,K_(2)O 15%)1500 kg/hm^(2),有机肥750 kg/hm^(2)。结果表明,盆栽试验施用氯化钾有利于提高块茎产量、干物质和淀粉含量。大坞试验地施用氯化钾时增加收益7062元/hm^(2),施用硫酸钾时减少收益2748元/hm^(2),硫酸钾与氯化钾配施增加收益4335元/hm^(2)。东郭试验地施用氯化钾比对照增加收益3663元/hm^(2),施用硫酸钾比对照减少收益2121元/hm^(2),氯化钾与硫酸钾配施比对照增加收益2289元/hm^(2)。

Pot and field experiments were carried out to study the effects of potassium chloride and potassium sulfate on yield,quality and photosynthesis of potato.The potato varieties Xisen 6 and Favorita were used as experimental materials in the pot experiments.And used potassium chloride 1117 mg/L(equivalent to K_(2)O 700 mg/L),potassium sulfate 1297 mg/L(equivalent to K_(2)O 700 mg/L)two treatments.Field experiment Favorita was used as the experimental material,and potassium chloride(containing K_(2)O 62.5%)was used for 480 kg/hm^(2)(containing K2O 300 kg),potassium sulfate(containing K_(2)O 54%)555 kg/hm^(2)(containing K2O 300 kg),potas⁃sium chloride 240 kg/hm^(2)(containing K2O 10 kg)+potassium sulfate 278 kg/hm^(2)(containing K2O 150 kg)were used in the three treat⁃ments.The comparison was farmers’routine fertilization,NPK ternary compound fertilizer(N 15%,P_(2)O_(5)15%,K_(2)O 15%),1500 kg/hm^(2),and organic fertilizer 750 kg/hm^(2).The results showed that the application of chlorinated potash fertilizer could improve the tuber yield,dry matter and starch contentin in pot experiment.When potassium chloride fertilizer was applied in Dawu experimental site,the revenue increased by 7062 yuan/hm^(2),decreased by 2748 yuan/hm^(2)when potassium sulfate was applied,and increased by 4335 yuan/hm^(2)when potassium sulfate was combined with potassium chloride.Compared with the control,potassium chloride increased the yield by 3663 yuan/hm^(2),potassium sulfate decreased by 2121 yuan/hm^(2),potassium chloride and potassium sulfate increased the yield by 2289 yuan/hm^(2)in Dongguo experimental site.