我国创新方法的应用现状与发展趋势分析

Application and Development of Innovative Methods in the New Era

我国推广创新方法已有十几年的时间,经过试点省市的推广应用,逐步形成了具有一定特色的推广模式。回溯了创新方法在我国的推广模式、取得的成效以及存在的问题。在推广模式上:创新方法的推广应用由以政府主导为主,逐渐向多元主体协同、企业主导推广转变;试点省市成立创新方法研究会、重点实验室等,初步搭建了创新方法理论研究和实践平台;在创新方法持续和深入推进的实践中,导入流程和形式不断优化。在推广成效上:以创新方法推广服务基地建设为依托,以创新方法普及推广、人才培养以及咨询服务等为主的服务体系初步建立,创新方法的理论和实践产出日益丰富,创新方法推广应用的标准体系持续完善,推广应用的长效机制逐步建立。创新方法推广应用中存在的问题主要表现在三个方面:①市场机制发挥不充分,专业化、市场化的高水平服务机构匮乏,培训推广与企业需求结合不够紧密,企业参与积极性有限;②推广过程中侧重于TRIZ理论的应用,由于缺乏高水平的人才队伍,创新方法在企业中缺乏深度应用,高水平成果产出不足,企业应用创新方法的持续性和动力不足;③创新方法的应用合作以线性为主,尚未形成广泛、多元的协作网络,示范企业的带动作用有限。通过对研究动态、理论发展等的分析总结,提炼出新时代创新方法应用的发展趋势:①技术创新方法的应用向非工程、社会科学研究等领域拓展;②基于多种创新方法的集成应用深入推进;③大数据、人工智能等新兴技术的完善和发展带来了思维方式的变革,数据挖掘、机器学习、神经网络等技术丰富了创新方法工具库和方法库,也为TRIZ、QFD等传统创新方法的研究与发展提供了新的路径。最后,结合新的发展趋势,对创新方法的推广应用提出了建议,为创新方法的进一步研究、推广和应用提供了参考。

Innovative methods have been applied in China for more than ten years,with the promotion in pilot provinces and cities,China gradually formed a promotion model with certain characteristics.Reviewing the promotion model of innovative methods in our country and the effectiveness that have achieved and the existing problems,this paper reaches the following conclusions.In terms of promotion model,the promotion and application of innovative methods have gradually shifted from being dominated by the government to synergizing multiple entities and enterprises-led.The pilot provinces and cities have established innovative methods research associations,key laboratories,etc.,and the platform for theoretical and practice of innovative methods has been preliminarily established.The process and modus of innovative methods application is optimized continuously in practice.In terms of promotion effeteness,based on the construction of innovative methods promotion service platform,the service system of innovative methods was established initially,the output of innovative methods theories and practices were increased gradually,and the standard system for the promotion and application of innovative methods has been continuously improved,and the long-term mechanism for the promotion and application has been gradually established.The problems in the promotion and application of innovative methods were mainly manifested in three aspects:①Market mechanism was functioning inadequate,lack of professional and market-oriented service institutions,the promotion of innovative methods was not closely integrated with business need,the enthusiasm of enterprises participation was limited;②The promotion and application of innovative methods mainly focused on the popularization of TRIZ theory,due to the lack of high-level talents,the output of high-level technological achievements were scare,so the enterprise didn't have enough motivation to apply and promote innovative methods;③The cooperation in innovative methods application was mainly linear,has not yet formed an extensive and diverse collaboration network,and demonstration enterprises did not play important roles in application and promotion.Through comparative research and analysis on research progress,theoretical developments,three application and development of innovative methods trends were refined:①The application fields of technical innovative methods are expanding to non-engineering fields and social science research field;②Integrated applications based on multiple innovative methods is developing in depth;③With the development of emerging technologies like big data and artificial intelligence,the innovation method system is continuously improved.The development of emerging technologies not only has brought about changes in the way of thinking,data mining,machine learning,neural network and other technologies also enrich the tool library and method library of innovative methods.Besides,emerging technologies also provides a new path for the research and development of traditional innovative methods such as TRIZ theory and Quality Function Deployment(QFD).In the end,combined with the new development trends,this paper puts forward suggestions for the promotion of innovative methods,provide references for the research,promotion and application of innovative methods in our country.