野地瓜立体栽培方式对叶片生理生化的影响研究

The Effects of Stereo-cultivation Method on Leaf Physiology and Biochemistry of Ficus tikoua Bur.

野地瓜果实可食,其老叶含丰富的黄酮化合物,有食用和药用价值。不同栽培方式影响野地瓜产量和品质,但其生理机制尚不清楚。本文比较了立体栽培和匍匐栽培的野地瓜在叶绿素、黄酮等6个方面的含量差异。结果表明,相较于匍匐栽培方式,立体栽培野地瓜叶绿素、黄酮、蛋白质、淀粉、可溶性糖和还原糖的含量分别为1.8121 mg/g、186.1667 mg/g、701.6667 mg/g、0.4550 mg/g、2.3537 mg/g、0.6725 mg/g,较对照分别提高了0.69%、31.19%、0.33%、4.50%、-3.41%、-35.56%。研究结果提示,立体栽培可有效降低野地瓜叶片间的遮阴率,利于光合作用,从而促进叶片中黄酮等有机物的合成和积累,这也可能使野地瓜具有更高的药用价值和结果产量。

The fruits of Ficus tikoua are edible,and its old leaves are rich in flavonoid compounds and have edible and medicinal uses.Different cultivation methods affect the yield and quality of F.tikoua,but the physiological mechanisms are not clear.Herein,the contents of some organic materials,such as chlorophyll,flavonoid and so on,were compared in leaves of F.tikoua between stereo-cultivation and creeping growth patterns.The results showed that,compared with creeping F.tikoua,the stereoscopic cultivated plants had1.8121 mg/g chlorophyll,186.1667 mg/g flavonoid,701.6667 mg/g protein,0.4550 mg/g starch,2.3537 mg/g soluble sugar,and 0.6725 mg/g reducing sugar,increased by 0.69%,31.19%,0.33%,4.50%,-3.41%and-35.56%,respectively.It is demonstrated that stereo cultivation could effectively reduce the shading rate between leaves of F.tikoua,facilitating photosynthesis and promoting the synthesis and accumulation of organic matters such as flavonoid in leaves.Therefore,stereoscopic cultivated F.tikoua would have a higher yield and medicinal value.