花程式:问题和建议——植物学教材质疑(五)

Floral Formulae:Problems and Suggestions Questioning Botany Textbooks(Ⅴ)

长期以来,花程式被广泛用于简要地描述被子植物各类群,特别是科的花形态、结构和各部分的数量。但是,植物学教材中,花程式存在诸多混乱,如:有的符号使用不规范;一些重要信息遗漏或错误;变态器官在少数科的花程式中加以记录,而在其他科被忽略。本文提出了一些建议,旨在改进和发展花程式教学。此外,本文还详述了一些方法,以帮助同学们解决植物学实验中遇到的一些有关花程式设计的困难。

Floral formula is a widely used method to describe flowers succinctly,presenting some information on floral morphology,structures and organ numbers in a taxon,especially a family of angiosperm.However,there is a lot of confusion about floral formulae in botanical textbooks.For example,some of the symbols were not used consistently and appropriately,some important information was omitted or wrongly recorded,and modified organs were recorded in floral formulae of a few families but neglected in those of others.Herein,some suggestions are provided to promote the normative use of floral formulae in the teaching process.In addition,some methods are given to help students design floral formulae in botanical experiments.