不同防治方式对草莓蚜虫的防治效果及光合反应的影响

Effect of Different Control Methods on Control Effects and Photosynthetic Reaction of Strawberry Aphids

为评价化学防治和生物防治对温室草莓上蚜虫防治效果及防治过程中草莓光合参数的变化,利用吡虫啉和异色瓢虫对春棚中草莓上蚜虫进行防控,分析草莓叶片光合反应相关参数的变化。结果表明:2种防治对温室内草莓上的蚜虫均有较好的防治效果,吡虫啉处理后第1天,防治效果达到86.61%,显著高于异色瓢虫处理组和对照组,处理5 d后,2种防治方式对蚜虫的防治效果均显著高于未处理组,且处理10 d,2种防治方式间差异不显著;对草莓蚜虫进行2种防治处理后,其叶片的叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量均显著升高,防治第10天后除净光合速率,异色瓢虫处理组叶绿素含量均显著高于吡虫啉处理组;在整个调查期内,2种防治方式的处理组净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO_(2)浓度、蒸腾速率等光合作用参数数值均随时间延长而增加,且防治第10天后除净光合速率以外异色瓢虫处理组光合相关参数均高于吡虫啉处理组。综上,吡虫啉和异色瓢虫防治草莓上蚜虫均能较好达到防治效果,结合绿色无公害生产及农业可持续发展考虑,利用异色瓢虫对草莓上蚜虫防治更符合当前农业发展的总体要求。

In order to evaluate the control effects of chemical control and biological control on strawberry aphids and the changes of strawberry photosynthetic parameters during the control process in greenhouse,imidacloprid and Harmonia axyridis were used to control strawberry aphids in the spring greenhouse,and the parameters related to photosynthetic reaction of strawberry were analyzed.The results showed that the two control methods had better control effects on strawberry aphids in the greenhouses.On the 1 st day after imidacloprid treatment,the control effect reached 86.61%,which was significantly higher than that of the Harmonia axyridis treatment group and the ck group.After 5 days of treatment,the control effects of the two control methods on the aphids were significantly higher than the ck group,and after 10 days of treatment there was no significant difference in control effect between the two control methods;The contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in leaves of strawberry were significantly increased by the two control treatments of strawberry aphids.After the 10 th day,the chlorophyll content of the Harmonia axyridis treatment group was significantly higher than that of the imidacloprid treatment group;Throughout the observation period,the photosynthetic parameters of the two control methods,such as net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO_(2) concentration and transpiration rate,were increased with time.After the 10 th day,the photosynthetic parameters of the Harmonia axyridis treatment group were higher than those of the imidacloprid treatment group except Pn.The results showed that strawberry aphids could be controlled by imidacloprid and Harmonia axyridis.In view of the current demand for green pollution-free production and sustainable agricultural development,the use of Harmonia axyridis for strawberry aphids is more in line with the requirements of agricultural development.