钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2抑制剂对2型糖尿病患者肾脏保护作用的研究进展

Research progress on the protective effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor on kidney in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2抑制剂(SGLT2i)是一类非胰岛素依赖的新型口服降糖药物,其通过抑制肾脏近曲小管钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2(SGLT2)的活性来减少原尿中葡萄糖的重吸收,促进尿糖排泄并降低血糖。SGLT2i还可降低血压、动脉僵硬度、血尿酸,调节肾脏血流动力学,抑制肾素-血管紧张素系统(RAS)和交感神经系统(SNS),减轻炎症和氧化应激,以及改善肾脏缺氧,发挥肾脏保护作用。本文就SGLT2在肾脏糖代谢调节中的作用及SGLT2i对肾脏保护作用的研究进展和相应机制作综述。

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor is a new type of non-insulin-dependent oral hypoglycemic drug, which can reduce the reabsorption of glucose in the original urine, increase the excretion of urinary glucose and reduce blood sugar by inhibiting the activity of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2(SGLT2) in the proximal renal tubule. SGLT2 i can also reduce blood pressure, arterial stiffness and blood uric acid, regulate renal hemodynamics, inhibit renin-angiotensin system(RAS) and sympathetic nervous system(SNS), reduce inflammation as well as oxidative stress and improve kidney hypoxia, thereby playing the role of kidney protection. In this review, the role of SGLT2 in the regulation of renal glucose metabolism and the research progress and corresponding mechanism of SGLT2 i on renal protection were reviewed.