外交代理人与雅典帝国的兴衰

Proxenies and the Rise and Fall of Athenian EmpireProxenies and the Rise and Fall of Athenian Empire

外交代理人源于荷马时代希腊社会个人或家庭之间的友谊关系,后逐渐成为古希腊城邦交流的纽带和媒介。雅典的外交代理人实际上延续了古希腊业已存在的交往惯例,但随着霸权的建立,任命外交代理人成为雅典帝国一项基本的对外政策。随着历史的发展,雅典帝国的霸权结构改变了外交代理人的传统性质并将其制度化。雅典帝国的外交代理人在雅典对外政策中有着极其重要的特殊性,不仅是希腊世界邦际交往的纽带,更重要的是它以雅典强大的实力为支撑,成为雅典对外扩张和控制盟邦的重要手段。

Proxenies originated from the friendship between individuals and families in Homeric Greek society,and then gradually became the link and medium of communication between ancient Greek city-states.The Proxenies in Athens actually continued the existing communication practice in ancient Greece,but with the establishment of hegemony,appointing proxenos became a basic foreign policy of Athens Empire.With the development of history,the hegemonic structure of Athenian Empire changed the traditional nature of proxenos and institutionalized them.The Proxenies of Athenian Empire had extremely important particularity in Athens’foreign policy.It was not only the bond of inter-state communication in the Greek world,but more importantly,it was supported by Athens’strong strength and became an important means for Athens to expand and control its allies.