论荀子辟墨

Discussion on Xunzi’s Criticism of Mohism

先秦时期的儒墨之争起于墨子非儒,经孟子的反击,终于荀子辟墨。荀子批判墨家的"节用"论,指出其"役夫之道"异于儒家的圣王之道;批判墨家"厚生薄死"的薄葬观有辱君父之道,异于儒家礼义之文的君子之道;批判墨家的"为乐"是"民之三患",阐释了儒家移风易俗的乐论思想。墨荀之争的焦点在"尚俭贵兼"还是"礼义之文",压制情欲还是因势利导,节流还是开源,绝对均平还是贵贱亲疏。荀子以构建"礼乐"制度来"辟墨",是在孟子辟墨之后,又一次对墨学的沉重打击。

The dispute between Confucian and Mohism began with Mo-tse against Confucian in the pre-Qin period.After Mencius’counterargument,Xunzi defeated Mohist thought eventually.Xunzi criticized the theory of"moderation in use",which pointed out that the Tao of the populace was different from the Tao of sage;criticized the concept of"pay attention to life and treats the death reasonable"which was insulted to the Tao of elder-ship and monarch and was different from the Tao of sage’s view of Confucian etiquette and righteousness;criticized the Mohism that"play the music"was one of"the three evils of the people"and explained the Confucian music theory of changing customs.The focus of the dispute between Mo-tse and Xunzi is"moderate expenses"or"propriety and righteousness";suppress passion or guide it properly;reduce expenditure or increase income;absolutely equal or unequal due to the hierarchical differences.Xunzi set up the system of etiquette and music to defeat Mohism,which was another heavy blow to Mohism after Mencius refuted Mohism.