以理性构建新礼俗社会——梁漱溟乡村建设思想研究

Constructing a New Etiquette and Custom Society With Rationality——A Study of Liang Shuming’s Rural Construction Thought

梁漱溟的乡村建设理论实际是对文化建设的思考。梁漱溟认为,中国社会是以礼俗为本质的,应依靠礼乐制度实现其组织与教化功能,以理性的文化方式维持社会的运行,故其倡导继承并改造传统乡约精神,通过乡学村学等文化组织形式的建设促成新礼俗社会。换言之,通过乡村新文化的建设,恢复乡村秩序,并进而推广开来,使得整个中国社会重视生机与活力。梁漱溟视士人知识分子为理性之代表,认为乡村建设有赖于他们的贡献。

Liang Shuming’s rural construction theory is actually a reflection on cultural construction.Liang Shuming believes that Chinese society is based on etiquette and customs.We should rely on the ritual and music system to realize the function of organization and education,and maintain the operation of society in a rational cultural way.Therefore,it advocates the construction of a new etiquette and customs society by inheriting the cultural organization forms such as township school and village school of the spirit of the traditional rural covenant,rebuilding the rural social education and etiquette and customs,restoring the rural social order and building a new rural culture.Liang Shuming regarded scholars and intellectuals as the representative of rationality and believed that rural construction depended on their contributions.