试析《说文》“尃”字形演变过程中的“让就”现象

An Analysis of the Phenomenon of Rangjiu(让就) in the Evolution of the Character Fu(尃) in Shuowen Jiezi

"尃",《说文》认为"从寸,甫声"";甫",《说文》":从用、父,父亦声。"但从出土文献材料看,"尃"字却从寸、声,这与《说文》的解释有别。"尃"在字体演变过程中受到"甫""專"等字的影响,产生了"让就"现象。本文认为,这种"让就"现象未遵循汉字偏旁类推原则,《说文》为保持其系统性,在选字时有意识地对字形进行了改造。

Fu( 尃), according to the book Shuowen Jiezi( 《说文解字》), was composed of two parts: 寸 and 甫. The former was meaning-bearing component and the latter was phonetic component. As for the fu( 甫) in Shuowen Jiezi, it was composed of 用 and 父. 父 can be a phonetic as well as meaningbearing component. But according to the unearthed literature materials, fu( 甫) was composed of 寸 and,and the should be interpreted as a phonetic component, which was different from the interpretation of Shuowen Jiezi. The form of the character fu( 尃) is influenced by the characters fu( 甫) and zhuan( 專), which is an phenomenon of rangjiu( 让就) during the evolution of the Chinese characters. This paper holds that this phenomenon does not follow the principle of pianpang analogy(偏旁类推) of Chinese characters. Therefore, XuShen( 许慎) showed an intended deviation when choosing the shapes of the characters or even changed the shapes in order to remain consistent with the system of the Shuowen Jiezi.