油莎豆-花生秧混合青贮饲料制备及评价

Preparation and Evaluation of Mixed Silage with Chufa Leaves and Peanut Vine

油莎豆和花生均是重要的油料作物,同时也是牧草作物。本试验从突变体库中筛选出一个花生秧适于做饲料的花生材料CHY36-34,并以油莎豆(吉林小长粒)叶片和该花生秧为原料制备青贮饲料,研究混合青贮发酵饲料品质及营养成分的变化情况。结果表明,青贮饲料发酵后,其感官状态、营养成分含量等均发生较大变化,加入乳酸发酵剂的青贮效果明显好于对照。花生秧单独青贮及与油莎豆叶片混合青贮的饲料感官评分和等级均较高,而油莎豆叶片单独青贮的饲料气味和色泽稍逊,评分较低。油莎豆叶片和花生秧青贮后,与原材料相比蛋白质含量增加,粗纤维和淀粉含量降低,添加乳酸发酵剂效果更明显。综合认为,油莎豆叶片与花生秧混合青贮可以有效提高青贮饲料质量,有效解决油莎豆叶片青贮饲料蛋白质含量低的问题。本研究可为油莎豆叶片和花生秧作为动物饲料合理开发利用提供技术支持。

Chufa and peanut are both important oil crops and forage crops.In this experiment,one peanut mutant suitable for forage crop was selected from the mutant library,and a kind of silage was prepared with its vine and chufa leaves and peanut vine.The fermentation quality and nutrient compositions of the mixed silage were studied.The results showed that the sensory state and nutrient composition content of the mixed silage changed greatly after fermentation.Adding lactic acid bacteria during fermentation could obviously improve quality of the mixed silage.The sensory evaluation scores and grades of peanut vine silage alone and mixed with chufa leaves were higher than those of chufa leaves alone,while the odor and color of chufa leaf silage alone were inferior and the scores were lower compared with the mixture.The protein content of the mixed silage increased,while the content of crude fiber and starch decreased compared with the raw material,especially after fermentation.It was comprehensively concluded that mixed fermentation with chufa leaves and peanut vine effectively improved the quality of the silage,and solved the problem of low protein content of chufa leaf silage.This study could provide technical support for the development and utilization of chufa leaves and peanut vine as animal feed.