蚯蚓生物套种套养对设施番茄生长、品质及根际土壤微生物的影响

Effects of Interbreeding Earthworm on Tomato Growth,Quality and Rhizosphere Soil Microorganism in Greenhouse

本试验以‘普罗旺斯’番茄品种为试材,分别设置番茄垄沟套养蚯蚓技术(C1)、垄上套养蚯蚓技术(C2)和常规种植(CK)3个处理,研究不同处理对设施番茄植株生长、果实品质及根际土壤微生物的影响。结果表明,与CK相比,采用蚯蚓生物套种套养的2个处理其番茄株高显著提高,外观品质和营养品质显著改善,番茄垄沟套养蚯蚓技术处理的可溶性固形物、VC、番茄红素、可溶性糖和有机酸含量分别比对照提高13.11%、59.75%、46.19%、3.16%和17.05%,番茄垄上套养蚯蚓技术处理分别比对照提高9.36%、45.50%、32.14%、10.18%和28.98%。C1、C2处理番茄产量均显著提高,其中C2处理产量最高,666.7m^(2)达6628.68 kg,比CK提高22.72%。蚯蚓生物套种套养技术能够明显改善番茄根际微生物结构,预防或者减轻土传病害的发生。综合考虑,以番茄垄上套养蚯蚓技术的效果最佳,这为番茄/蚯蚓种养结合提供了理论依据和技术支持。

Taking tomato variety Provence as experimental material,three treatments of interbreading earthworm in tomato furrow(C1),interbreeding earthworm on tomato ridge(C2)and conventional planting(CK)were set to analyze the effects on tomato plant growth,fruit quality and rhizosphere soil microorganisms.The results showed that compared with CK,the plant height of C1 and C2 treatments significantly increased,the appearance and nutritional quality significantly improved;the contents of soluble solids,vitamin C,lycopene,soluble sugar and organic acid of C1 treatment increased by 13.11%,59.75%,46.19%,3.16%and 17.05%,respectively,and those of C2 treatment increased by 9.36%,45.50%,32.14%,10.18%and 28.98%.The tomato yield of C1 and C2 treatments were significantly increased,and that of C2 treatment was the highest as 6628.68 kg per 666.7 m^(2),which was 22.72%higher than that of CK.Interbreeding earthworm could obviously improve the rhizosphere soil microbial structure to prevent or reduce the occurrence of soil-borne diseases.Considering comprehensively,the effect of interbreeding earthworm on tomato ridge was the best,which provided theoretical bases and technical supports for the combination of planting tomato and breeding earthworm.