鲜花生常温通风干燥试验研究

Experimental Study on Drying of Fresh Peanuts by Ventilation at Normal Temperature

采用新型花生通风干燥设备对11个不同类型花生品种进行常温通风干燥,比较不同放置深度和干燥时间下鲜花生含水量差异,为生产上收获后鲜花生的干燥处理提供参考。结果表明,在通风干燥囤中通风干燥0~6 d花生含水量迅速下降,通风干燥6~7 d花生含水量下降变缓,通风干燥7~9 d花生含水量趋于稳定;放置在通风干燥囤0~30 cm和30~60 cm位置的花生含水量变化速率小于放置在60~90 cm位置的花生含水量变化速率;饱果质量率和饱仁质量率与通风干燥第2天含水量变化速率呈极显著负相关,百仁质量与平均含水量变化速率呈显著正相关。综上,干燥过程中花生含水量变化速率受放置深度、花生饱满程度、籽仁大小等因素的影响。

Eleven different types of peanut varieties were ventilated and dried at room temperature by new ventilation and drying equipment,and the water content of fresh peanut under different storage depth and drying time was analyzed,so as to provide reference for the drying of fresh peanut after harvest.The results showed that the water content of peanuts decreased rapidly during 0-6 d,decreased slowly during 6-7 d,and tended to be stable during 7-9 d under ventilating and drying condition.The change rates of water content of peanuts placed in the ventilated drying storage at 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm were less than that of peanuts placed at 60-90 cm.There were significantly negative correlation between full fruit weight ratio,full kernel weight ratio and change rate of water content on the second day,and there was a significantly positive correlation between the 100 kernels weight and average change rate of water content.Overall,during the drying process,the change speed of peanut water content was affected by factors such as placement position,peanut fullness and kernel size.