2012-2019年佛山市哨点医院甲型流感监测结果

Surveillance results of influenza A in sentinel hospital of Foshan city in 2012-2019

目的了解甲型流感病毒在佛山的流行特征。方法收集2012-2019年佛山市流感监测哨点医院采集的流感样病例标本,采用荧光PCR检测流感病毒,应用SPSS软件对检测结果进行统计分析,组间率的比较采用χ^(2)检验。结果 2012-2019年共检测流感样病例咽拭子标本9 222份,甲流阳性率为13.12%,其中季节性H3N2阳性率为6.79%,新甲流H1N1阳性率为6.33%。在佛山地区,一年四季甲流均可流行,季节性H3N2亚型主要在夏秋季流行,新甲流H1N1亚型主要在春夏流行。不同职业甲流阳性率前3位的分别是小学生(1.90%),幼托儿童(1.63%)和离退人员(1.52%)。不同亚型的甲流病毒阳性率在不同职业人群组间阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同年龄段中25~<60岁组(4.89%),5~<15岁组(2.59%)阳性率较高。不同年龄组甲流病毒阳性率进行比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论佛山地区甲流的流行亚型主要是季节性H3N2与新甲流H1N1,本地区甲流的流行季节性明显,但无固定的季节规律性。

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of influenza A virus in Foshan.Methods Samples of influenza-like cases from Foshan influenza surveillance sentinel hospital from 2012 to 2019 were collected,and fluorescent PCR was used to detect influenza viruses.SPSS software was used for statistical analysis of the test results,and the comparison between groups was performed using the χ^(2) test.Results 9 222 throat swabs of influenza like cases were detected for influenza A in 2012-2019,with a positive rate of 13.12%,including 6.79% for seasonal H3N2 and 6.33% for new A H1N1.In Foshan area,influenza A was prevalent all year round.The seasonal H3N2 subtype was mainly occurred in summer and autumn,and the new A H1N1 subtype was mainly occurred in spring and summer.The top three positive rates of influenza A in different occupations were primary school students(1.90%),children in kindergartens(1.63%)and retirees(1.52%).The difference was statistically significant in the positive rate of influenza A virus of different subtypes among different occupational groups(P<0.05).In different age groups,the positive rate was higher in 25-<60-year-old group(4.89%)and 5-<15-year-old group(2.59%).The difference was statistically significant in the positive rate of influenza A virus in different age groups(P<0.05).Conclusions The prevalent subtypes of influenza A in Foshan were mainly seasonal H3N2 and new A H1N1.The prevalence of influenza A in this area was seasonal,but there was no fixed seasonal regularity.