从脱贫攻坚到乡村振兴:演变历程、衔接机制与振兴路径——以凉山彝族自治州为例

From poverty alleviation to rural revitalization: Evolution, connecting mechanism and revitalization path:A case study of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture

推动乡村振兴与脱贫攻坚的有效衔接是巩固脱贫成果,进一步释放农村发展内生动力、实现农业农村现代化的重要路径。通过梳理国家层面和凉山彝族自治州从脱贫攻坚到乡村振兴的以制度改革为核心、以经济开发为核心、以贫困区域为核心、以精准为核心的贫困帮扶以及脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴衔接融合5个发展演变历程,在深入探析脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴的内在逻辑一致性和继起性的基础上,从宏观和微观2个层面构建脱贫攻坚到乡村振兴的衔接机制。立足凉山彝族自治州实际情况和已有文献研究的区域划分标准,将其划分为河坝聚落区、山坡聚落区、二半山聚落区、高半山聚落区4个区域,根据区域特性提出乡村振兴差异化推进路径。从激发乡村发展的内生动力、夯实乡村振兴的制度保障、分区分类统筹推进乡村振兴、完善乡村振兴与其他发展战略的衔接路径4个方面探讨了配套机制的构建。

To promote the effective connection between rural revitalization and poverty alleviation is an important way to consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation, further release the endogenous impetus of rural development and realize agricultural and rural modernization. This article sorts out the coordination and convergence between poverty alleviation and rural revitalization five development and evolution processes of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture from poverty alleviation to rural revitalization, namely poverty assistance with system reform as the core, poverty assistance with economic development as the core, poverty assistance with poor areas as the core, and poverty assistance with precision as the core. Then an in-depth analysis of the internal logical consistency and continuity of poverty alleviation and rural vitalization is presented, followed by a cohesive mechanism between poverty alleviation and rural vitalization constructed from both macro and micro levels. Based on the actual situation of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture and the regional classification standard of existing literature research, the prefecture is divided into four regions: river valley settlement area, hilly settlement area, settlement area, and high-mountain settlement area, and a differentiated promotion path of rural revitalization is proposed according to the regional characteristics.This paper also discusses the construction of supporting mechanisms from four aspects, i.e., stimulating internal driving force of rural development, consolidating institutional guarantee of rural vitalization, promoting rural vitalization by zoning and classification, and improving the link between rural vitalization and other development strategies.