医学生视域下专业班主任开展专业认知教育的调查分析

A survey on the results of professional cognitive education by professional counselors from the perspective of medical students

目的了解医学生在专业班主任引导下构建专业认知的过程,并寻找影响医学生专业认知结局的影响因素。方法采用自制问卷,对北京大学医学部2018级至2020级的1111名医学生进行调查,内容包括医学生的一般情况、专业认知的建构过程以及专业认知结局。采用χ^(2)检验和logistic回归分析,分析影响医学生专业认知结局的影响因素。结果在专业班主任的引导下,67.6%(751/1111)的医学生丰富了已有的专业认知和理解;27.2%(302/1111)的医学生纠正了对专业最初的认知和理解;5.2%(58/1111)的医学生认为专业班主任的教育和影响与其初始的认知完全一致。目前所学专业为第一志愿专业的医学生丰富、纠正原认知的可能性更小(OR值分别为0.301和0.235,均P<0.05);经常接触专业班主任的医学生丰富、纠正原认知的可能性更大(OR值分别为0.000和0.040,均P<0.05)。结论专业班主任的引导能够有效帮助医学生建构专业认知,医学生的专业认知结局与其是否被第一志愿专业录取以及是否经常与专业班主任接触相关。

Objective To evaluate medical students'professional cognition under the guidance of professional counselors,and to find the factors affecting the outcome of professional cognition.Methods Totally 1111 medical students enrolled from 2018 to 2020 into Peking University Health Science Center were investigated with a self-made questionnaire.The contents of the survey included the general situation of medical students,the construction process of professional cognition and the acknowledgement of professional cognition.Chi square test and disordered multi classification logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of education outcomes of professional cognition by students.Results There are 67.6%(751/1111)of medical students had enriched their professional knowledge and understanding;27.2%(302/1111)of them corrected their initial understanding of the specialty;5.2%(58/1111)of medical students believed that the education and the role-modeling of professional counselors were completely consistent with their initial cognition.At present,the medical students majoring in the first selection of specialty at their entrance are less likely to enich and correct their original cognition(OR values are 0.301 and 0.235 respectively,all P<0.05),medical students who have frequency of contacting professional counselors are more likely to enrich and correct their original cognition(OR values are 0.000 and 0.040,respectively,all P<0.05).Conclusions The guidance of professional counselors can effectively help medical students construct professional cognition.The professional cognition of medical students is related to whether they are admitted to the first selection of specialty and whether they often meet with professional counselors.