耐高温可陶瓷化聚氨酯泡沫复合材料燃烧性能

Combustion Performances of High Temperature Resistant Ceramizable Polyurethane Foam Composite

采用复合阻燃体系和陶瓷粉改性聚氨酯制备了可陶瓷化聚氨酯泡沫复合材料,讨论了复合材料的耐燃性、高温线性变化、燃烧性能和显微结构等。结果表明,可陶瓷化聚氨酯泡沫复合材料持续燃烧20 min后仍保持初始状态时的结构外形和尺寸;平均离火自熄时间约为21 s,持续火焰燃烧条件下有发烟现象,但在持续燃烧20 min内无熔滴,质量保留率大于50%,且结构保持完好;新的含碳无机陶瓷多孔结构通过高温原位结构重建而保持结构自支撑特性;耐高温可陶瓷化聚氨酯泡沫复合材料具有良好的耐燃性。

The ceramiziable polyurethane foam composites were prepared by introducing flame retardant system and ceramic powder modified polyurethane.The flame resistance,linear change rate at high temperature,combustion performance and microstructures of composites were investigated.The results showed that the original shape and sizes of ceramizable polyurethane foam composites were kept well after continuous combustion for 20 min.The average time of the self-extinguishing off fire of the ceramiziable polyurethane foam composite was 21 s.There was smoke phenomenon under the condition of continuous flame combustion,but there was no droplet within 20 min.The mass retention rate was higher than 50%with the well structure.The new porous structure of inorganic ceramic with carbon was reconstructed in situ at high temperature to maintain the self-supporting properties of the structure.The high temperature resistant ceramizable polyurethane foam composite showed good flame resistance.