数字新闻生产简史:媒介逻辑与生态变革

A Brief History of Digital News Production:Media Logic and Ecological Transformation

本文以数字时代新闻生产主导性技术架构的变迁为线索,梳理了在线新闻、新闻博客和移动社交新闻三种主流数字新闻生产模式背后的媒介逻辑,并探析数字技术驱动下的新闻生产的演变所塑造的文化生态。研究认为,新闻生产的数字化转型导致了用户的崛起,培育出更具介入性和更加情感化的新闻文本,同时也带来了新闻业发展的非公共性趋势。与其说数字新闻是一种新的"内容"或"产品",不如说它是一种建立在数字媒介逻辑基础上的新的信息关系。本文指出:数字技术对新闻生产和新闻业转型的驱动,不是单一的线性过程,而体现为复杂的循环、交叠和新旧机制的协商;技术驱动的新闻生产的演变,有着多元的路径和线索,并可能导向多元的新闻文化;而对数字时代新闻学理论的研究,应当首先立足于对经典新闻学的基本概念的重新阐释。

This article combs through changes in the leading technological frameworks of news production in the digital age,sorts out the media logic behind the three mainstream digital news production models of online news,news blogs and mobile social(media)news,and explores how the evolution of news production driven by digital technologies has shaped the news ecosystem.This article concludes that the digital transformation of news production has led to the rise of users,cultivated more intrusive and emotional news texts,and also brought about non-public trends in the development of journalism.Digital news is not so much a new"content"or"product"as it is a new form of information relationship based on the logic of digital media.This article also points out that the drive of digital technology to the transformation of news production and journalism is not a single linear process,but embodied in a complex cycle and negotiations between new and old mechanisms;the evolution of technology-driven news production has multiple paths and may lead to a diverse news culture;and the study of journalism theory in the digital age should primarily be based on the reinterpretation of the basic concepts of classic journalism studies.