PLA/PBAT共混纤维的制备及性能研究

Preparation and properties of PLA/PBAT blend fiber

以均苯四甲酸酐(PD)为扩链剂,将1600 g聚乳酸(PLA)、400 g聚对苯二甲酸-己二酸丁二醇酯(PBAT)、20 g驻极母粒和适量的PD采用熔融共混法制备PLA/PBAT共混物,并将其共混物进行熔融纺丝,制得PLA/PBAT共混纤维;考察了PD用量对共混物纺丝性能及共混纤维力学性能、熔融和降解行为的影响;以PD用量为8 g的PLA/PBAT共混纤维(PLA/PBAT-8PD共混纤维)为中试原料制备香烟滤嘴并进行驻极处理,研究了PLA/PBAT-8PD共混纤维滤嘴对不同蒸气和烟气的吸附性能。结果表明:PD对PLA/PBAT共混物起到反应增容作用,随着PD用量增大,共混物熔体流动指数逐渐下降,共混纤维力学性能呈先增大后降低的趋势;当PD用量为8 g和12 g时,PLA/PBAT共混物具有较好的纺丝性能,其共混纤维的拉伸强度分别为42.7 MPa和44.1 MPa;PD的加入会限制PLA和PBAT的结晶,使共混纤维的结晶度下降;共混纤维的降解速率处于PLA和PBAT之间,且随着PD用量的增大而先下降后升高;PLA/PBAT-8PD共混纤维丝束滤嘴对极性和非极性气体的吸附性均高于PLA,对烟气的过滤效率与纯二醋酸纤维素纤维滤嘴接近。

Polylactic acid(PLA)/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)blends were prepared by melt blending 1600 g PLA,400 g PBAT,20 g electret masterbatch and an appropriate amount of pyromellitic anhydride(PD)as chain extender and were produced into PLA/PBAT blend fiber by melt spinning.The effects of PD content on the spinning performance of the blends and the mechanical properties and melting and degradation behavior of the blend fibers were investigated.Cigarette filters were prepared with PLA/PBAT blend fiber with 8 g PD(PLA/PBAT-8PD blend fiber)as pilot material and were subjected to electret treatment.The adsorption properties of PLA/PBAT-8PD blend fiber filter for different vapors and cigarette smoke were studied.The results showed that PD played a role in reactive compatibilization of PLA/PBAT blends,the melt flow index of the blends gradually decreased and the mechanical properties of the blend fibers first increased and then decreased with the increase of PD content;PLA/PBAT blend had relatively good spinning performance,and the tensile strength of the blend fiber was 42.7 MPa and 44.1 MPa,respectively,when the amount of PD was 8 g and 12 g;the addition of PD would limit the crystallization of PLA and PBAT and reduce the crystallinity of the blend fiber;the degradation rate of the blend fiber was between those of PLA and PBAT and first decreased and then increased with the increase of PD content;and the adsorption of polar and non-polar gases by PLA/PBAT-8PD blend fiber tow filter was higher than that of PLA,and the filtration efficiency of cigarette smoke was close to that of pure cellulose diacetate fiber filter.