再生蛋白质纤维及其复合纤维的研究进展

Research progress of regenerated protein fiber and its composite fiber

详述了国内外再生蛋白质纤维的发展历史,以及再生蛋白质纤维及其复合纤维的技术研究进展,对再生蛋白质纤维及其复合纤维的研发中存在的问题及今后的发展方向提出一些看法。利用天然蛋白质开发出性能类似的再生蛋白质纤维一直是纤维研究领域的重要课题,再生蛋白质纤维已有超过百年的研究历史,早期的研究致力于制备纯蛋白质的再生蛋白质纤维,但力学性能不足。利用天然蛋白质对合成纤维改性制备再生蛋白质复合纤维一直是研发热点,技术路线可分为蛋白质溶液共混法、蛋白质微粉共混法和蛋白质表面改性法三类,但存在一些问题,如:蛋白质含量较低、耐热水性差、纤维漂白技术、共混基体及增强材料的选择等,解决这些问题也将是今后再生蛋白质纤维产品开发的研究重点。

The historical development of regenerated protein fiber was described in details at home and abroad,as was the technical research progress of regenerated protein fiber and its composite fiber.Some views on the problems existing in the research and development of regenerated protein fiber and its composite fiber and the development direction in the future were put forward.An important topic in the field of fiber research has been focusing on the development of regenerated protein fiber having similar properties with natural protein.Regenerated protein fiber has a research history of more than 100 years.The early research was devoted to the preparation of regenerated pure protein fiber,but the mechanical properties were not satisfying.A research and development hotspot has always been the preparation of regenerated protein composite fiber by modifying synthetic fiber with natural protein.The technical routes can be divided into protein solution blending method,protein powder blending method and protein surface modification method,but they have some problems,such as low protein content,poor hot water resistance,fiber bleaching technology,selection of blending matrix and reinforcement materials,etc.Solving these problems will also be the research focus of the development of regenerated protein fiber products in the future.