从检察主导型到控辩平等型:认罪认罚案件量刑协商模式的转型

From the Procuratorial Dominance to the Equality of Procurator and Defense:the Mode Transformation of Sentencing Negotiation for the Cases Concerning Pleading Guilty and Accepting Punishments

量刑协商在认罪认罚从宽制度适用中居于核心地位,发挥着承上启下的关键性作用。随着检察主导作用在刑事诉讼进程中的发挥,从量刑协商的启动、过程和结果三个维度看,其在司法实践中渐次显现出检察主导型协商样态。检察主导型协商固然有其正向功用,但也可能异化诉讼构造抑或增加冤假错案的风险。故此,文章沿着深化检察主导作用的张弛发挥、强化辩护作用的有效发挥和助推裁判作用的实然发挥三重进路,试图将检察主导型协商的风险予以消弭,并对我国本土化刑事司法语境下的控辩平等型协商进行思考,以期契合新型合作式刑事诉讼模式的应然发展。

Sentencing negotiation occupies a core position in the leniency system for pleading guilty and accepting punishment,which forms the link between the preceding and the following.With the procuratorial dominance playing its role in the criminal procedure,the sentencing negotiation in the judicial practice has gradually shown the state of procuratorial-dominance one from three dimensions of its initiation,process and result.Although this kind of negotiation can bring some positive functions,it may also dissimilate the litigation structure or increase the risk of unjust,false and wrong cases.Therefore,it is hoped that the triple approach should be followed to deepen the relaxation of procuratorial-dominance role,to strengthen the effective play of the defense role and to boost the actual role of the adjudication,so as to eliminate the risks of this negotiation.And moreover,this paper contemplates the equal negotiation in the context of China’s localized criminal justice,which expects to fit the development of the new type of cooperative criminal litigation model.