风速和持续时间对立方体周边风致积雪演化影响研究

EFFECTS OF WIND SPEED AND DURATION ON PROCESS OF SNOW DISTRIBUTION AROUND A CUBE

建筑物周边风致积雪是冬季多雪大风地区最常见的自然灾害之一。由于风吹雪的机理复杂,虽然数值模拟方法近几年取得了丰硕的成果,但是仍缺乏在稳定风雪条件下的广泛验证,限制了其预测方法的进一步提升和推广。为了揭示风速和持续时间对立方体周边积雪演化过程的影响,该文在西北严寒地区的稳定吹雪条件下,对不同风速下立方体模型周边不同时刻的积雪深度进行实测。讨论了不同工况下堆积区域最大积雪深度、积雪剖面的变化以及立方体迎风区两侧的积雪堆积形态。结果表明:在不同工况下,立方体周边风致积雪均在迎风和背风壁面处堆积,在模型前缘和后方出现侵蚀,随着风速的变化,积雪深度、积雪范围、积雪堆积位置都会发生相应的改变;随着时间的变化,积雪最大深度位置也会转移。

Snow accumulation around buildings is one of the most common natural disasters in snowy and windy areas in winter.Although numerical simulation has achieved fruitful results in recent years,it still lacks an extensive verification due to its complex mechanism,which limits the effectiveness and accuracy of the prediction methods.To reveal the influences of wind speed and duration on the process of snow accumulation around the cube,the field measurements of a stable blowing snow condition in severely cold northwestern region were carried out by measuring the depth of snow at different moments around the cube model at different wind speeds.The maximum snow depth and snow profile change in the accumulation area under different conditions and the snow accumulation patterns on both sides of the windward region were discussed.The results show that under different conditions,the snow is accumulated against the wall of the cube,and erosion occurs at the front and rear of the model.With the change of the wind speed,snow depth,snow deposition range,snow accumulation location will change accordingly.As time changes,the position of maximum snow depth will also change.