白头翁皂苷B4对临床型乳房炎奶牛主要临床指标的影响

Effect of Pulsatilla Saponin B4 on Key Clinical Indexes of Dairy Cows with Clinical Mastitis

为探究白头翁皂苷B4对临床型乳房炎奶牛的疗效,本试验选取四川某规模化奶牛场泌乳期健康荷斯坦奶牛12头(对照组)记为A组(不注射药物),临床型乳房炎奶牛36头(试验组),随机均分为B、C、D组,分别于颈部肌内注射白头翁皂苷B415、30 mL和60 mL,1次/d,连续给药4~6 d,用药当天记为第1天,观察至第12天。监测各组奶牛体温、呼吸频率、心率、单次反刍咀嚼次数、产奶量、治愈时间和治愈率。结果显示,临床型乳房炎奶牛体温和呼吸频率显著高于健康奶牛(P<0.05),单次反刍咀嚼次数和泌乳量显著低于健康奶牛(P<0.05),心率无明显变化(P>0.05)。使用不同剂量白头翁皂苷B4治疗后,临床型乳房炎奶牛体温、呼吸频率和单次反刍咀嚼次数均与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05),心率无明显变化(P>0.05),泌乳量虽未恢复至健康水平(P<0.05),但呈上升趋势;各试验组临床型乳房炎奶牛12 d内治疗有效率均达100%,B、C组和D组总治愈率分别为75.00%、75.00%和91.67%,呈现一定的量效关系,平均治愈时间为6.33、6.11 d和6.91 d。结果表明,白头翁皂苷B4对临床型乳房炎奶牛无明显临床副作用,颈部肌内注射30 mL,1次/d,连续给药4~6 d即可达到理想治疗效果。

To investigate the effect of Pulsatilla saponin B4 on dairy cows with clinical mastitis,12 healthy cows and 36 cows with mastitis from a unified dairy farm in Sichuan province were selected for this study.The 12 healthy cows were assigned as control group(group A,no treatment),and the 36 cows with mastitis were divided equally into three groups according to the brachiocephalic intramuscular(I.M.)injection dose of Pulsatilla saponin B4:group B(15 mL),group C(30 mL),and group D(60 mL),quaque die(q.d.).Injection was given consequentially for 4-6 days,with the first day of injection recorded as day 1.The body temperature,respiratory rate,heart rate,mastications per once rumination,milk production,cure time and cure rate of the experimental cows were observed daily for 12 days.The results showed that cows with clinical mastitis had significantly higher body temperature and respiratory rate(P<0.05),and significantly lower mastications per once rumination and milk production(P<0.05)than healthy cows,although no significant difference i n heart rate was noted between healthy cows and cows with clinical mastitis(P>0.05).After Pulsatilla saponin B4 injections,cows with clinical mastitis displayed no significant differences in body temperature,respiratory rate,heart rate,and mastications per once rumination compared to control group(P>0.05);while milk production failed to recover to normal level(P<0.05),it was nonetheless on an uptrend.The effective rate of Pulsatilla saponin B4 on cows with clinical mastitis was 100%within 12 days in all groups;and the cure rate was 75.00%,75.00%,and 91.67%,respectively,in groups B,C,and D,with a comparative dose-effect correlation,and average cure time of 6.33,6.11 d,and 6.91 d,respectively,in groups B,C,and D.Thus,Pulsatilla saponin B4 at 30 mL/q.d.I.M.in brachiocephalicus muscle for 4-6 days provides a largely side-effect-free cure for cows with clinical mastitis.