血清神经丝轻链蛋白在中枢神经系统疾病中的研究进展

Research progress of serum neurofilament light chain protein in central nervous system diseases

神经丝轻链蛋白(NfL)是一种大量表达于有髓轴突的蛋白,可自我组装成一种功能性纤维。当炎症、神经退行性病变、创伤或血管损伤等导致中枢神经系统轴突损伤时,NfL大量释放于脑脊液和血液中。近年来国内外研究发现血清NfL水平升高与多种中枢神经系统疾病的发生、发展及预后存在关联,是一种易获得的、具有临床意义的血液标志物。笔者现围绕血清NfL在多种中枢神经系统疾病中的最新研究进展综述如下,以期系统地探讨血清NfL对中枢神经系统疾病诊治的潜在价值。

Neurofilament light chain protein(NfL)is a protein that is abundantly expressed in myelinated axons and can self-assemble into a functional fiber.When inflammation,neurodegeneration,trauma,or vascular in⁃jury cause central nervous system axon damage,NfL is released in large amounts in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood.In recent years,studies at home and abroad have found that elevated serum NfL levels are associated with the occurrence,development and prognosis of a variety of central nervous system diseases.It is an easily available blood marker with clinical significance.The author now summarizes the latest research progress of serum NfL in a variety of central nervous system diseases as follows,in order to systematically explore the potential value of serum NfL in the diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system diseases.