幼儿园教师工作压力应对方式的比较研究——基于安徽省的调查

Comparison of Coping Styles of Work Pressure Among Kindergarten Teachers:on the basis of an investigation in Anhui Province

为探析不同年龄、教龄、学历幼儿园教师对工作压力应对方式的差异以及特点,使用《应付方式问卷》对安徽省303名幼儿园教师进行调查研究,结果显示:随着年龄的增加,幼儿园教师在压力应对方式的选择时,“解决问题”“合理化”的使用增加,“自责”的使用减少;拥有11年及以上教龄的幼儿园教师比0~5年教龄的幼儿园教师更倾向于使用“解决问题”,而0~5年教龄和6~10年教龄的幼儿园教师比11年以上教龄的教师更倾向于“自责”的使用;不同学历的幼儿园教师在压力应对方式的选择上不存在显著差异。基于此结果,提出“完善支持系统,减少低教龄幼儿园教师‘自责’使用的机会”“不同学历幼儿园教师应提高‘解决问题’的自我效能感”等建议。

In order to explore the differences and characteristics of kindergarten teachers’coping styles of work pressure with different ages,teaching ages,and education backgrounds,303 kindergarten teachers were investigated by using the questionnaire of coping styles.Results show as follows:with the increasing age,when kindergarten teachers choose the coping styles of working pressure,the use of“problem solving”and“rationalization”has increased,but the use of“remorse”is reduced;kindergarten teachers with the teaching age of 11 years or more tend to use“problem solving”more than those with the teaching age of 0 to 5 years,while kindergarten teachers with the teaching age of 0 to 5 years and 6 to 10 years tend to use“remorse”more than teachers with the teaching age of 11 years or more;there are no significant differences in the choice of coping styles of work pressure among kindergarten teachers with different educational background.Based on this result,suggestions are proposed as follows:the support system should be perfected,and the opportunity of young kindergarten teachers to“blame”should be reduced;kindergarten teachers with different educational backgrounds should improve their self-efficacy of“problem solving”.