上向进路回采控制爆破方法在嵩县山金的应用

Application of Controlled Blasting Method for Upward Approach Stoping in Songxian Shanjin

嵩县山金原采用传统控制爆破方法,存在难以掏出岩石、难以保护充填体、难以精确控制炮孔起爆时间等问题。针对上述问题,提出了上向进路回采控制爆破方法。首先采用倾斜角度较小的微楔形孔代替常用的垂直炮孔,可形成较大的自由空间;其次根据理论计算获得底眼与下部充填体的间距范围,可保护下部充填体;最后采用电子雷管和导爆索代替常规的导爆管雷管起爆,可精确控制炮孔起爆时间和起爆顺序。试验结果表明:应用该方法后巷道超宽减小了16.25个百分点,超高3.3%,断面规整性有所提高;巷道平均进尺2.13m,爆破进尺有较大的提升;矿石大块率有所降低,整体爆破效果较好。

The traditional controlled blasting method is adopted in Songxian Shanjin,which has some problems such as hard to extract the rock,hard to protect the filling body and hard to accurately control the blasting time of the hole.Aiming at the above problems,a controlled blasting method for upward approach stoping was proposed.Firstly,a micro wedge-shaped hole with a smaller inclination angle was used to replace the commonly used vertical blasting hole,which can form a larger free space.Secondly,the distance range between the bottom hole and the lower filling body was obtained according to theoretical calculations,which can protect the lower filling body.Finally,an electronic detonator and the detonating cord were used to replace the conventional detonating tube detonator,which can precisely control the detonation time and sequence of the blasthole.Industrial test results show that after applying this method,the ultra-wide roadway is reduced by 16.25percentage points,the ultra-high is 3.3%,and the section regularity is improved;the average footage of the roadway is 2.13m,and the blasting footage has been greatly improved;the rate of block rate slightly reduces,and the overall blasting effect is good.