136例儿童斑秃发病相关因素分析

Related factors analysis of 136 children with alopecia areata

目的:了解影响斑秃发病的相关因素。方法:对广州市妇女儿童医疗中心皮肤科收治的136例儿童斑秃临床资料作回顾性分析,包括年龄、性别、既往病史、家族史,首次出现斑秃的年龄,脱发严重程度评分以及实验室结果。结果:136例患儿平均首次发病年龄为(4.66±3.12)岁,85例(62.5%)首次出现斑秃的年龄小于6岁。136例患儿中75例为轻症斑秃,平均发病年龄(4.76±2.02)岁,61例为重症斑秃,平均发病年龄(2.81±2.42)岁。26例(19.12%)患儿患有注意缺陷多动障碍,53例(39%)患有过敏性疾病及9例(6.62%)患有自身免疫性疾病。16例(11.76%)有斑秃家族史,27例(20.59%)有自身免疫性疾病家族史。结论:儿童斑秃可能与遗传、精神心理、自身免疫和变态反应有关。

Objective:To investigate the factors influencing the progression and prognosis of alopecia areata.Methods:The clinical data of 136 children with alopecia areata from the department of dermatology in Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center were analyzed retrospectively,including the age,gender,past medical history,family history,the the first onset age,the severity of alopecia areata(Severity of Alopecia Tool,SALT score),etc.Results:Of 136 children,the average age of first onset was(4.66±3.12) years,and the first onset age below 6 years old in 85 patients(62.5%).Among 136 children,75 were mild alopecia areata with average onset age of(4.76±2.02) years,and 61 were severe alopecia areata with average onset age of(2.81±2.42) years.26 patients(19.12%) had attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD),53(39%) had allergic diseases,9(6.62%) had autoimmune diseases.And 16(11.76%) had family history of alopecia areata,27(20.59%) had family history of autoimmune diseases.Conclusion:Alopecia areata in children may be associated with heredity,mental and psychological,autoimmunity,and allergy.