文学阐释学的对象究竟是什么?--论强制阐释的去时间化兼向张江先生请教与商榷

What Is the Object of Literary Hermeneutics?--On the De-chronization of Mandatory Interpretation and Asking Mr.Zhang Jiang for Advice and Discussion

美学研究的对象是审美生活。审美生活的意义、状态、构成是美学的三件大事。文学阐释学的对象不是文学作品,也不是文学文本,而是在意义上呈现出时机化的、在时态上正在进行着的、在时体上流畅的且构成方式是绝对同时性的文学阅读生活。强制阐释的核心是审美生活之意义被僭越,继而造成其状态、构成被僭越,其实也就是系统性的去时间化。而要形成对强制阐释的免疫或消除之,就必须在确立原发性文学阅读生活这一对象的基础上,第一,不仅依靠反向推理,而且更要以正面的体系性建构,来洞察科学主义美学作为强制阐释的主流形态,在时机、时体、时态与构成方式的绝对同时性上,对审美生活实施去时间化的思想机制与语言表征。第二,理应把文学文本或文学作品还原为其原本的意向对象角色,牢牢把握审美生活在构成方式上的绝对意向性、绝对同时性;更应该在回忆与反思中来确保审美生活的完整性,使其时机、时态、时体、同时性复活,而不是把被回忆之物作为原发之物,造成强制阐释,同时也就造成了审美生活时间性的遗失。

The object of aesthetic research is aesthetic life.The core of compulsory interpretation is that the meaning of aesthetic life is overstepped,resulting in the overstepping of its state and compo⁃sition,which is actually systematic de-chronization.In order to form immunity or eliminate compul⁃sive interpretation,we must establish the object of primary literary reading life.First,we should not only rely on reverse reasoning,but also use positive systematic construction to have an insight into scientism aesthetics as the mainstream form of compulsory interpretation,and implement the ideolog⁃ical mechanism and language representation of de-chronization of aesthetic life.Second,literary texts or literary works should be restored to their original intended object roles,so as to ensure the integrity of aesthetic life in memory and reflection,rather than taking the recalled things as the origi⁃nal things,resulting in compulsory interpretation and the loss of the timeliness of aesthetic life.