北京市知晓电子烟中小学生电子烟使用及影响因素分析

E-cigarette usage and associated factors among Beijing primary and secondary school students

目的了解和掌握北京市中小学生电子烟使用的现状及其有关因素,为促进学校无烟环境建设提供实证依据。方法2019年4—6月采用与规模大小成比例的概率抽样(PPS)方法在北京市范围内分别抽取小学、初中、高中和职高监测点校,各点校随机抽取班级,直至满足样本量,共18312名知晓电子烟的中小学生纳入统计分析,监测内容主要是电子烟使用的现状及影响因素等情况。结果在知晓电子烟的中小学生中,女生较男生使用电子烟的可能性低(OR=0.47,95%CI=0.42~0.54)。进入初二后,使用电子烟的可能性呈递增趋势。父母均不吸烟与孩子远离电子烟呈负相关(OR=0.78,95%CI=0.69~0.88)。平均每天零花钱30~<150元和≥150元的中小学生使用电子烟的可能性分别是0~<10元零花钱的1.43倍(95%CI=1.22~1.67)和2.24倍(95%CI=1.79~2.79)。没有尝试使用卷烟的中小学生使用电子烟的可能性低于已尝试卷烟的(OR=0.16,95%CI=0.14~0.19)。结论应遏制电子烟在中小学生中的流行趋势,填补或纠正儿童青少年对于电子烟认知的空白或错误,采取更具创新性的方法科学引导儿童青少年远离电子烟。

Objective To understand current situation of e-cigarette use and associated factors in primary and secondary school students in Beijing, in order to promote the construction of smoke-free schools. Methods During April to June in 2019, PPS sampling was used to select primary schools, secondary schools and trade schools. In each selected school, randomly sampling method was conducted until the sample size was reached. There were 18 312 students included in the analysis. Surveillance information mainly included the current situation of electronic cigarette use and associated factors. Results Among primary and secondary school students who have known about e-cigarettes, female students were less likely to use e-cigarettes than male students(OR=0.47, 95%CI=0.42-0.54). After entering the second year of junior high school, the possibility of using e-cigarettes increased. Smoke-free home was associated less e-cigarettes usage(OR=0.78, 95%CI=0.69-0.88). Primary and secondary school students with average daily allowance of 30~<150 yuan and no less than 150 yuan were 1.43(95%CI=1.22-1.67) times and 2.24(95%CI=1.79-2.79) times more likely to use e-cigarettes than those with 0-10 yuan allowance, respectively. The probability of using e-cigarettes among primary and secondary school students who have not tried using cigarettes was only 16.4% compared with those who have tried cigarettes(OR=0.16, 95%CI=0.14-0.19). Conclusion It is necessary to curb the prevalence of e-cigarettes among primary and secondary school students. Actions need to be taken urgently to fill in the gaps or correct the mistakes in children and adolescents’ cognition of e-cigarettes, and to adopt more innovative methods to scientifically guide children and adolescents to stay away from e-cigarettes.