深圳市初中生网络成瘾3年追踪研究

A three-year longitudinal study on Internet addiction among junior students in Shenzhen City

目的调查深圳初中生网络成瘾现状及其预测因素,为准确判定青少年网络成瘾群体和开展干预提供参考。方法采用整群随机抽样方法,抽取深圳5所中学初一学生,采用青少年网络成瘾量表(IAT)、青少年积极发展量表(PYD)、家庭功能量表(CFAI)、青少年学业适应不良量表以及人口学变量调查问卷,进行为期3年、每年1测的追踪研究,最终有效被试共1301人。结果深圳市初中生3年网络成瘾发生率分别为14.4%,15.5%,14.7%,且在初中3年时间内稳定存在(F=2.53,P=0.08);多元线性回归分析显示,青少年积极发展、家庭功能和学业适应不良均可以预测青少年初中3年的网络成瘾(P值均<0.05)。结论深圳初中生网络成瘾现象普遍,且表现为相对稳定性。拥有良好功能的家庭、自身积极发展且学业适应良好的青少年产生的网瘾问题更少。

Objective The present study investigated the prevalence of Internet addiction in Shenzhen adolescents and its predicative factors,so as to provide a reference for precisely identifying the adolescents of internet addiction and conducting intervention.Methods Cluster random sampling method was applied to select the middle school students of grade 1 in 5 middles schools in Shenzhen.Three waves of data were collected over 3 years from students in 5 secondary schools in Shenzhen.Young's 10-item Internet Addiction Test,Chinese Positive Youth Development Scale,Chinese Family Assessment Instrument,Academic Maladaptation Scale and Demographic Variables Questionnaire were used,and finally the data of 1301 students was proved to be valid.Results The adolescents met the criterion of Internet addiction were 14.4%,15.5%and 14.7%over past three years.The incidence of Internet addiction was stable among teenagers during the three years(F=2.53,P=0.08);The multivariate linear regression analysis showed that positive youth development,good family functioning indicators and academic maladaptation could predict the higher probability of having Internet addiction(P<0.05).Conclusion The phenomenon of Internet addiction among teenagers in Shenzhen junior middle school is common and relatively stable.The teenagers from the family of positive function,with positive development and with less academic maladaptation are less likely to suffer from internet addiction.