安徽省学龄前儿童多动行为筛查及影响因素分析

Screening and associated factors of hyperactivity behavior in preschool children in Anhui Province

目的了解安徽省学龄前儿童多动行为检出情况及其相关影响因素,为儿童行为问题早期干预提供参考。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法,于2020年6—7月选取安徽省5个地市30所幼儿园,使用Conners父母症状量表(PSQ)和相关因素调查表对7982名3~6岁在园儿童家长进行调查。结果共检出多动行为儿童126名,检出率为1.6%。男童检出率(2.2%)高于女童(0.8%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=26.51,P<0.01)。在126名多动行为儿童中,40名(31.7%)共患1种行为问题,82名(65.1%)共患至少2种行为问题。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,男童(OR=2.85,95%CI=1.88~4.30)、睡眠时间不足(OR=1.87,95%CI=1.31~2.68)和母亲职业为农民或其他(OR=1.81,95%CI=1.11~2.94)的学龄前儿童多动行为检出率较高,近半年主要抚养人为父母(OR=0.61,95%CI=0.40~0.92)的儿童多动行为检出率较低(P值均<0.05)。结论学龄前儿童行为问题早期干预应重点关注男童,保持合理睡眠时间,增加父母代养。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hyperactive behavior and risk factors among preschool children,and to provide a reference for early intervention of problem behavior.Methods A total of 7982 children aged 3-6 were selected from 30 kindergartens by multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling in 5 areas,Anhui Province,and their parents were surveyed with Conners Parent Rating Scales(PSQ)and Related factors questionnaire from June to July 2020.Results A tollay of 126 children were detected with hyperactivity behaviors,with a detection rate of 1.6%.The detection rate of boys(2.2%)was higher than that of girls(0.8%).The difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=26.51,P<0.01).Among 126 hyperactive children,40(31.7%)had another type of behavior problem,and 82(65.1%)had two or more additional behavior problems.The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that boy(OR=2.85,95%CI=1.88-4.30),sleep deprivation(OR=1.87,95%CI=1.31-2.68),occupation of mother being farmer or otherwise(OR=1.81,95%CI=1.11-2.94)were associated with more hyperactivity behavior.While,living with parents in the past six months(OR=0.61,95%CI=0.40-0.92)was associated with less hyperactivity behavior(P<0.05).Conclusion Early intervention of preschool children's behavior problems should focus on boys,maintain reasonable sleep time and increase parental care.