护理人员医疗器械相关压力性损伤认知现状及其影响因素研究

Study on cognition status quo and influencing factors of medical device-related stress injury among nursing staff

目的:调查护理人员医疗器械相关压力性损伤(MDRPI)认知现状,并分析其影响因素。方法:采用分层抽样法选取2020年5月—2020年7月清远市10所医院的1074名护理人员为调查对象,采用自行设计的问卷对其进行问卷调查,采用多重逐步回归分析研究护理人员MDRPI认知的影响因素。结果:42.3%的护理人员知晓压力性损伤的最新分期,MDRPI知晓率为86.8%。绝大部分护理人员在为病人护理时选择合适的器械,固定适宜。48.0%的护理人员不会直接将器械放置在病人身上,大部分护理人员使用纱布/棉垫保护器械接触部位皮肤。约43%的护理人员每天2次或3次评估医疗器械接触部位皮肤,52.4%的护理人员每天2次清洁使用器械部位皮肤;气管插管被认为是最容易引起MDRPI的原因。多重线性回归分析结果显示,职称、医院级别、培训次数为护理人员MDRPI知识得分的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:护理人员MDRPI知识和行为水平有待提高,需加强护理人员MDRPI相关知识的规范化培训,提高护理人员对MDRPI的认知和护理行为水平,以降低病人的MDRPI发生率。

Objective:To investigate the cognition status quo of medical device-related stress injury(MDRPI)among nursing staff and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:A total of 1074 nursing staff from 10 hospitals in Qingyuan city were selected from May 2020 to July 2020 by using a stratified sampling method.A self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct a questionnaire survey,and multiple stepwise regression analysis was used to study the influencing factors of nursing staff's MDRPI cognition.Results:42.3%of nursing staff knew the latest stage of stress injury,and the awareness rate of MDRPI was 86.8%.The vast majority of nursing staff in the patient care chose the appropriate equipments and fixed appropriately.48.0%of the nursing staff would not directly place the device on the patients,and most of the nursing staff used gauze/cotton pads to protect the skin at the contact place of the device.About 43%of the nursing staff evaluated the skin at the device contact area 2-3 times a day,and 52.4%of the nursing staff cleaned the skin at the device contact area twice a day.Tracheal intubation was considered to be the most common cause of MDRPI.The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the professional title,hospital level and training times were the influencing factors of MDRPI knowledge score of nursing staff(P<0.05).Conclusions:The nursing staff's MDRPI knowledge and behavior level need to be improved,and it is necessary to strengthen the standardized training of the nursing staff's MDRPI knowledge,improve the nursing staff's MDRPI cognition and nursing behavior level,so as to reduce the incidence of MDRPI in patients.