肿瘤免疫治疗中新生抗原预测与筛选技术研究进展

Progress of Research on Neoantigen Prediction and Screening Technology in Tumor Immunotherapy

肿瘤新生抗原是由体细胞突变产生的能诱导肿瘤特异性T细胞识别的多肽,是一种肿瘤特异性抗原,是肿瘤免疫治疗的理想靶点。靶向肿瘤新生抗原的疫苗、T细胞受体嵌合T细胞疗法和肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞疗法均已进入临床研究阶段。准确快速地鉴定肿瘤新生抗原对于成功的免疫治疗至关重要,也是目前个性化免疫治疗中的一个难点。近年来有大量肿瘤新生抗原预测算法和筛选方法被开发,并应用于临床前和临床研究中。综述肿瘤新生抗原的主要来源、预测和筛选技术研究进展,并展望这一领域的未来发展方向。

Neoantigen is a polypeptide produced by somatic cell mutation that can induce tumor-specific T cell recognition.It is a tumorspecific antigen and an ideal target for tumor immunotherapy.Recently,vaccines targeting tumor neoantigens,T cell receptor chimeric T cell therapies,and tumor infiltrating lymphocyte therapies have all entered the phases of clinical trials.Accurate and rapid identification of tumor neoantigens is critical for successful immunotherapy,and is also quite challenging in individualized immunotherapy.In recent years,a large number of tumor neoantigen prediction algorithms and screening methods have been developed and applied to preclinical and clinical research.Here,we introduce the main sources of tumor neoantigens,review the advances of prediction and screening methods of tumor neoantigens over the past years,and predict the future development of this field.